Guo Jielong, Han Xue, Tan Hongyu, Huang Weidong, You Yilin, Zhan Jicheng
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Xinghua 225700, Jiangsu, China.
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
iScience. 2019 Sep 27;19:676-690. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.08.020. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
The metabolic improvement effect of blueberries has long been recognized, although its precise mechanism(s) remains obscure. Here, we show that phenolic blueberry extract (BE) treatment improved diet- and genetically induced metabolic syndromes, which were linked to increased energy expenditure in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and improved lipid metabolism in the liver via pathways involving the bile acid (BA) receptors TGR5 and FXR. These observations were strongly correlated with the regulation of BAs (e.g., a decrease in the FXR inhibitors TαMCA and TβMCA) and the gut microbiota (GM) (e.g., an expansion of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus), because antibiotic treatment completely blunted the regulation of the GM and BAs and the metabolic effects of BE. We also observed similar results in db/db mice. Furthermore, treating mouse primary cells derived from the liver and BAT with the combinations of BAs mimicking the in vivo alterations upon BE treatment mirrored the in vivo observations in mice.
蓝莓的代谢改善作用早已得到认可，但其确切机制仍不清楚。在此，我们表明，酚类蓝莓提取物（BE）处理改善了饮食和基因诱导的代谢综合征，这与棕色脂肪组织（BAT）中能量消耗增加以及肝脏中脂质代谢改善有关，其途径涉及胆汁酸（BA）受体TGR5和FXR。这些观察结果与BA（例如，FXR抑制剂TαMCA和TβMCA的减少）和肠道微生物群（GM）（例如，双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的扩增）的调节密切相关，因为抗生素处理完全消除了GM和BA的调节以及BE的代谢作用。我们在db/db小鼠中也观察到了类似的结果。此外，用模拟BE处理后体内变化的BA组合处理源自肝脏和BAT的小鼠原代细胞，反映了小鼠体内的观察结果。
