Franke Katja, Gaser Christian
Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.
Front Neurol. 2019 Aug 14;10:789. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00789. eCollection 2019.
With the aging population, prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, thus placing a growing burden on individuals and the whole society. However, individual rates of aging are shaped by a great variety of and the interactions between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. Establishing biomarkers of the neuroanatomical aging processes exemplifies a new trend in neuroscience in order to provide risk-assessments and predictions for age-associated neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases at a single-subject level. The " method constitutes the first and actually most widely applied concept for predicting and evaluating individual brain age based on structural MRI. This review summarizes all studies published within the last 10 years that have established and utilized the method to evaluate the effects of interaction of genes, environment, life burden, diseases, or life time on individual neuroanatomical aging. In future, and other brain age prediction approaches based on structural or functional markers may improve the assessment of individual risks for neurological, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases as well as aid in developing personalized neuroprotective treatments and interventions.
随着人口老龄化，神经退行性疾病的患病率不断上升，给个人和整个社会带来了日益沉重的负担。然而，个体的衰老速度受到多种环境、遗传和表观遗传因素及其相互作用的影响。建立神经解剖学衰老过程的生物标志物是神经科学的一个新趋势，以便在个体水平上为与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病和神经精神疾病提供风险评估和预测。“ 方法”是基于结构磁共振成像预测和评估个体脑龄的首个且实际上应用最广泛的概念。本综述总结了过去10年内发表的所有研究，这些研究建立并利用“ 方法”来评估基因、环境、生活负担、疾病或寿命对个体神经解剖学衰老的相互作用影响。未来，“ 方法”和其他基于结构或功能标志物的脑龄预测方法可能会改善对神经、神经精神和神经退行性疾病个体风险的评估，并有助于开发个性化的神经保护治疗和干预措施。
