Centre of Research and Education in Forensic Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Kent, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2019 Nov;73:101752. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101752. Epub 2019 Jun 29.
A meta-analysis was conducted to examine whether specialized psychological offense treatments were associated with reductions in offense specific and non-offense specific recidivism. Staff and treatment program moderators were also explored. The review examined 70 studies and 55,604 individuals who had offended. Three specialized treatments were examined: sexual offense, domestic violence, and general violence programs. Across all programs, offense specific recidivism was 13.4% for treated individuals and 19.4% for untreated comparisons over an average follow up of 66.1 months. Relative reductions in offense specific recidivism were 32.6% for sexual offense programs, 36.0% for domestic violence programs, and 24.3% for general violence programs. All programs were also associated with significant reductions in non-offense specific recidivism. Overall, treatment effectiveness appeared improved when programs received consistent hands-on input from a qualified registered psychologist and facilitating staff were provided with clinical supervision. Numerous program variables appeared important for optimizing the effectiveness of specialized psychological offense programs (e.g., arousal reconditioning for sexual offense programs, treatment approach for domestic violence programs). The findings show that such treatments are associated with robust reductions in offense specific and non-offense specific recidivism. We urge treatment providers to pay particular attention to staffing and program implementation variables for optimal recidivism reductions.
进行了一项荟萃分析，以检验专门的心理犯罪治疗是否与减少特定犯罪和非特定犯罪累犯有关。还探讨了工作人员和治疗计划的调节因素。该综述审查了 70 项研究和 55604 名犯罪者。检查了三种专门的治疗方法：性犯罪、家庭暴力和一般暴力方案。在所有方案中，经过治疗的个人的特定犯罪累犯率为 13.4%，未经治疗的对照者为 19.4%，平均随访时间为 66.1 个月。性犯罪方案的特定犯罪累犯相对减少了 32.6%，家庭暴力方案减少了 36.0%，一般暴力方案减少了 24.3%。所有方案也与非特定犯罪累犯的显著减少有关。总体而言，当方案得到合格的注册心理学家的持续实际投入，并为促进工作人员提供临床监督时，治疗效果似乎有所改善。许多方案变量对于优化专门的心理犯罪方案的有效性似乎很重要（例如，性犯罪方案的唤起条件作用，家庭暴力方案的治疗方法）。研究结果表明，这些治疗方法与特定犯罪和非特定犯罪累犯的大幅减少有关。我们敦促治疗提供者特别注意工作人员配备和方案实施变量，以实现最佳的累犯减少。
