Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2019 Sep 2;19(1):622. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4464-8.
Medical errors are considered as a major threat to patient safety. To clarify medical errors' status in Iran, a review was conducted to estimate the accurate prevalence of medical errors.
A comprehensive search was conducted in international databases (MEDLINE, Scopus and the Web of Science), national databases (SID, Magiran, and Barakat) and Google Scholar search engine. The search was performed without time limitation up to January 2017 using the MeSH terms of Medical "error(s)" and "Iran" in Endnote X5. Article in English and Persian which estimated the prevalence of medical errors in Iran were eligible to be included in this review. The JBI appraisal instrument was used to assess the quality of included studies, by two independent reviewers. The prevalence of medical errors was calculating using random effect model. Stata software was used for data analysis.
In 40 included studies, the most frequent occupational group observed were nursing staff and nursing students (21 studies; 52% of studies). The most reported type of error was medication error (25 studies; 62% of studies, with prevalence ranged from 10 to 80%). University or teaching hospitals (30 studies; 75% of studies) as well as, internal/intensive care wards (10 studies; 25% of studies) were the most frequent hospitals and wards detected. Based on the result of the random effect model, the overall estimated prevalence of medical errors was 50% (95% confidence interval: 0.426, 0.574).
Result of the comprehensive literature review of the current studies, found a wide variation in the prevalence of medical errors based on the occupational group, type of error, and health care setting. In this regards, providing enough education to nurses, improvement of patient safety culture and quality of services and attention to special wards, especially in teaching hospitals are suggested.
医疗差错被认为是对患者安全的重大威胁。为了明确伊朗医疗差错的现状，我们进行了一项综述，以估计医疗差错的准确发生率。
我们在国际数据库（MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Web of Science）、国家数据库（SID、Magiran 和 Barakat）和 Google Scholar 搜索引擎中进行了全面检索。检索无时间限制，截止日期为 2017 年 1 月，使用 Endnote X5 中的 MeSH 术语“医疗错误”和“伊朗”。本综述纳入了评估伊朗医疗差错发生率的英文和波斯语文章。两名独立评审员使用 JBI 评估工具评估纳入研究的质量。使用随机效应模型计算医疗差错的发生率。使用 Stata 软件进行数据分析。
在 40 项纳入研究中，观察到的最常见职业群体是护理人员和护理学生（21 项研究；52%的研究）。报告最多的差错类型是用药错误（25 项研究；62%的研究，发生率范围为 10%至 80%）。大学或教学医院（30 项研究；75%的研究）以及内科/重症监护病房（10 项研究；25%的研究）是最常发现的医院和病房。基于随机效应模型的结果，医疗差错的总体估计发生率为 50%（95%置信区间：0.426，0.574）。
对当前研究的综合文献回顾结果表明，基于职业群体、差错类型和医疗保健环境，医疗差错的发生率存在很大差异。在这方面，建议向护士提供足够的教育，改善患者安全文化和服务质量，并关注特殊病房，尤其是教学医院。
