美国儿童和青少年总锌摄入量与近视的关联。

Association of Total Zinc Intake with Myopia in U.S. Children and Adolescents.

作者信息

Burke Niamh, Butler John S, Flitcroft Ian, McCartney Daniel, Loughman James

机构信息

Centre for Eye Research Ireland, Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Dublin Institute of Technology, Grangegorman, Dublin, Ireland.

School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

出版信息

Optom Vis Sci. 2019 Sep;96(9):647-654. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001418.

DOI:10.1097/OPX.0000000000001418

PMID:31479019

Abstract

SIGNIFICANCE

This present study advances our knowledge on the role of lifestyle factors in myopia (short-sightedness), specifically dietary factors. It has been suggested in previous studies that lower zinc status is associated with myopia; however, this article shows no relationship between dietary zinc intake and myopia in U.S. adolescents.

PURPOSE

It has been suggested that low zinc levels may contribute to the development of myopia. The aim of the present study is to examine, for the first time in a Western population, the association of total dietary and supplement zinc intake with myopia.

METHODS

A total of 1095 children/adolescents aged 12 to 19 years who participated in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2008 were enrolled in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between total zinc intake and myopia after adjustment for potential confounders. In addition, the association between total zinc intake and spherical equivalent refractive error was examined in the myopia group through multiple linear regression.

RESULTS

Among study participants, 30% were found to be myopic (≤-1.00 D). Although median total daily zinc intake was lower among myopes (10.8 [10.2] mg/d) than among nonmyopes (11.1 [10.8] mg/d), the difference was not statistically significant (P = .11). In multiple logistic regression analyses, zinc and copper intakes were not significantly associated with myopia after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, ethnicity, family income, recreational activity, copper intake, and daily energy intake (in kilocalories per day). In multiple linear regression, spherical equivalent refractive error was not associated with total zinc intake in the myopic group after adjustment for confounding factors (P = .13).

CONCLUSIONS

In contrast to previous Asian studies, total zinc intake is not associated with the presence of myopia in U.S. adolescents/children.

摘要

意义

本研究增进了我们对生活方式因素，特别是饮食因素在近视（近视眼）中作用的认识。先前的研究表明锌水平较低与近视有关；然而，本文显示美国青少年的饮食锌摄入量与近视之间没有关系。

目的

有人提出低锌水平可能导致近视的发展。本研究的目的是首次在西方人群中研究饮食和补充剂中锌的总摄入量与近视的关系。

方法

本研究纳入了2007年至2008年参加美国国家健康和营养检查调查的1095名12至19岁的儿童/青少年。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，进行多变量逻辑回归分析以研究总锌摄入量与近视之间的关系。此外，通过多元线性回归在近视组中研究总锌摄入量与球镜等效屈光不正之间的关系。

结果

在研究参与者中，发现30%患有近视（≤-1.00 D）。虽然近视者的每日总锌摄入量中位数（10.8 [10.2] mg/d）低于非近视者（11.1 [10.8] mg/d），但差异无统计学意义（P = 0.11）。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，在对年龄、性别、体重指数、种族、家庭收入、娱乐活动、铜摄入量和每日能量摄入量（以千卡/天为单位）进行调整后，锌和铜的摄入量与近视无显著关联。在多元线性回归中，在对混杂因素进行调整后，近视组的球镜等效屈光不正与总锌摄入量无关（P = 0.13）。