Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.
Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Japan.
PLoS One. 2019 Sep 3;14(9):e0221821. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221821. eCollection 2019.
This pilot study aimed to 1) follow the longitudinal changes in the salivary oxytocin level of pregnant women from late pregnancy to early postpartum, 2) examine the factors related to these changes, and 3) clarify the association of these changes with mother-infant bonding.
This study used a longitudinal observational design and questionnaires to obtain objective and subjective data. For oxytocin evaluation, saliva samples were collected and their oxytocin levels were measured at 4-time points [i.e., 1) 36-37 gestation weeks, 2) 38-39 gestation weeks, 3) 1-2 days postpartum, 4) 4-5 days postpartum]. The oxytocin level was assayed in duplicates by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Baseline data were evaluated using the Parental Bonding Instrument (25 items), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (20 items), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Postpartum data were evaluated using the Mother to Infant Bonding Scale Japanese Version (10 items), Maternity Blues Scale (13 items), and 'Fatigue after Childbirth' using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS: 0-100 mm).
The participants were 13 primiparas with a mean age of 33 years. They had no depression or anxiety at the baseline. Their mean salivary oxytocin levels significantly increased from late pregnancy (36-39 gestation weeks) up to 1 day postpartum and then decreased until 5 days postpartum. There was a negligible correlation between the bonding disorder and the salivary oxytocin level on the 5th day after childbirth. A moderate correlation was observed between the maternity blues score and the salivary oxytocin level. There was a significant negative correlation between the postpartum fatigue and the salivary oxytocin level 1 day and 5 days after childbirth.
The mean salivary oxytocin levels significantly increased from the baseline up to 1 day postpartum and then decreased until 5 days postpartum. The salivary oxytocin level was moderately associated with maternity blues and significantly with postpartum fatigue.
本初步研究旨在：1）观察孕妇从妊娠晚期到产后早期唾液催产素水平的纵向变化；2）探讨与这些变化相关的因素；3）阐明这些变化与母婴结合的关系。
本研究采用纵向观察设计和问卷调查法获取客观和主观数据。为了评估催产素，在 4 个时间点采集唾液样本并测量其催产素水平[即 1）36-37 孕周，2）38-39 孕周，3）产后 1-2 天，4）产后 4-5 天]。采用酶联免疫吸附试验法对催产素水平进行双份检测。使用父母养育方式评价量表（25 项）、状态特质焦虑量表（20 项）和流行病学研究中心抑郁量表评估基线数据。使用母亲-婴儿联系量表日本版（10 项）、产后忧郁量表（13 项）和产后视觉模拟量表（VAS：0-100mm）评估产后数据。
本研究共纳入 13 名初产妇，平均年龄为 33 岁。她们在基线时无抑郁或焦虑。她们的唾液催产素水平从妊娠晚期（36-39 孕周）开始显著升高，持续到产后 1 天，然后下降直到产后 5 天。产后第 5 天母婴结合障碍与唾液催产素水平之间存在微弱相关性。产后忧郁症评分与唾液催产素水平呈中度相关。产后 1 天和 5 天，产后疲劳与唾液催产素水平呈显著负相关。
唾液催产素水平从基线开始显著升高，持续到产后 1 天，然后下降直到产后 5 天。唾液催产素水平与产后忧郁症中度相关，与产后疲劳显著相关。
