China Institute of Manufacturing Development, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; School of Management Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
China Institute of Manufacturing Development, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; School of Management Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Nov 15;250:109471. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109471. Epub 2019 Aug 31.
Crucial to the green and sustainable development of China's industry are both choosing an appropriate path of directed technical change and optimizing and improving energy consumption pattern. In this paper we incorporate fossil energy, non-fossil energy and environmental factors into the traditional production function and calculate the factor output elasticity, the growth rate of environmental total factor productivity, the factor-biased degree of directed technical change and factor substitution elasticity in China's industrial sector based on stochastic frontier analysis of the transcendental logarithmic production function. The results show that the high output elasticity of capital leads to the highest factor-biased degree of directed technical change of capital although it is accompanied by an increase in energy consumption and environmental degradation. At present, the factor-biased degrees of directed technical change in China's industry, from high to low, are capital, the environment, fossil energy, labor and non-fossil energy; these can be seen as the root cause of, among other things, overcapacity, energy shortages and environmental pollution. Optimizing the path of directed technical change of labor, capital and non-fossil energy is an advisable way to solve the above problems. The patterns of energy consumption in industrial production in most provinces are unsustainable and each province should optimize its local energy consumption pattern according to those technical changes biased towards non-fossil energy and the positive factor substitution relationship between two kinds of energy.
中国工业的绿色和可持续发展，关键是选择适宜的技术变革方向，并优化和改进能源消费模式。本文将化石能源、非化石能源和环境因素纳入传统生产函数，基于超越对数生产函数的随机前沿分析，计算了中国工业部门的要素产出弹性、环境全要素生产率增长率、技术变革偏向要素的资本和能源弹性以及要素替代弹性。结果表明，资本的高产出弹性导致了技术变革偏向资本的最高程度，尽管这伴随着能源消耗和环境恶化的增加。目前，中国工业技术变革偏向的要素程度从高到低依次为资本、环境、化石能源、劳动力和非化石能源，这可以被视为产能过剩、能源短缺和环境污染等问题的根源之一。优化劳动力、资本和非化石能源的技术变革方向是解决上述问题的可行途径。大多数省份的工业生产能源消费模式是不可持续的，各省应根据非化石能源偏向的技术变革和两种能源之间的积极要素替代关系，优化本地能源消费模式。
