Anees Junaid, Zhang Hao-Chun, Baig Sobia, Lougou Bachirou Guene
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 Sep 1;19(17):3789. doi: 10.3390/s19173789.
The gradual increase in the maturity of sensor electronics has resulted in the increasing demand for wireless sensor networks for many industrial applications. One of the industrial platforms for efficient usage and deployment of sensor networks is smart grids. The critical network traffic in smart grids includes both delay-sensitive and delay-tolerant data for real-time and non-real-time usage. To facilitate these traffic requirements, the asynchronous working-sleeping cycle of sensor nodes can be used as an opportunity to create a node connection. Efficient use of wireless sensor network in smart grids depends on various parameters like working-sleeping cycle, energy consumption, network lifetime, routing protocol, and delay constraints. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient multi-disjoint path opportunistic node connection routing protocol (abbreviated as EMOR) for sensor nodes deployed in neighborhood area network. EMOR utilizes residual energy, availability of sensor node's buffer size, working-sleeping cycle of the sensor node and link quality factor to calculate optimum path connectivity after opportunistic connection random graph and spanning tree formation. The multi-disjoint path selection in EMOR based on service differentiation of real-time and non-real-time traffic leads to an improvement in packet delivery rate, network lifetime, end-end delay and total energy consumption.
传感器电子设备成熟度的逐步提高,使得许多工业应用对无线传感器网络的需求不断增加。智能电网是高效使用和部署传感器网络的工业平台之一。智能电网中的关键网络流量包括用于实时和非实时使用的对延迟敏感和对延迟容忍的数据。为满足这些流量需求,传感器节点的异步工作-睡眠周期可被用作建立节点连接的契机。智能电网中无线传感器网络的高效利用取决于诸如工作-睡眠周期、能耗、网络寿命、路由协议和延迟约束等各种参数。在本文中,我们针对部署在邻域网中的传感器节点,提出了一种节能多不相交路径机会主义节点连接路由协议(简称为EMOR)。EMOR在机会连接随机图和生成树形成后,利用剩余能量、传感器节点缓冲区大小的可用性、传感器节点的工作-睡眠周期以及链路质量因子来计算最佳路径连通性。基于实时和非实时流量的服务区分,EMOR中的多不相交路径选择提高了数据包交付率、网络寿命、端到端延迟和总能耗。