Department of Behavioral Health & Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
Department of Medical & Molecular Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 3;11(9):2060. doi: 10.3390/nu11092060.
Hypertension or high blood pressure (BP) is highly prevalent in the aging population. Notably, diet and lifestyle have a strong influence on BP. We investigated the association between dietary factors and BP in older adults. This cross-sectional study included 128 participants, aged 65-80 years. Multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine the associations between diet, including meats, vegetables, grains, fruits, dairy, fats, and added sugar, and BP. There was a significant association between intake of added sugar and systolic BP and diastolic BP in females after controlling for age, income, body mass index, physical activity levels, daily calorie intake, and BP medication use. The model predicted that a decrease of 2.3 teaspoons (0.5 standard deviation) of added sugar would result in a 8.4 mmHg drop in systolic BP and a 3.7 mmHg drop in diastolic BP. Whole fruit was associated with a reduction in diastolic BP in both males and females, and the model predicted that, for every 0.71 cup increase in whole fruit consumption, there would be a decrease in diastolic BP of 2.8 mmHg. Our findings support the dietary guidelines of limiting daily intake of added sugar and increasing fruit consumption to promote overall cardiovascular health in older adults.
高血压或高血压（BP）在老年人群中患病率很高。值得注意的是，饮食和生活方式对 BP 有很大的影响。我们研究了饮食因素与老年人 BP 之间的关系。这项横断面研究包括 128 名年龄在 65-80 岁的参与者。进行了多元线性回归分析，以研究饮食与 BP 之间的关系，饮食包括肉类、蔬菜、谷物、水果、奶制品、脂肪和添加糖。在控制年龄、收入、体重指数、身体活动水平、每日卡路里摄入量和 BP 药物使用后，女性摄入添加糖与收缩压和舒张压之间存在显著关联。该模型预测，减少 2.3 茶匙（0.5 个标准差）的添加糖会使收缩压降低 8.4mmHg，舒张压降低 3.7mmHg。全水果与男性和女性的舒张压降低有关，该模型预测，全水果摄入量每增加 0.71 杯，舒张压就会降低 2.8mmHg。我们的研究结果支持限制每日添加糖摄入量和增加水果摄入的饮食指南，以促进老年人的整体心血管健康。
