Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague 16252, Czech Republic.
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 3;11(9):2082. doi: 10.3390/nu11092082.
Both regular exercise training and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation are shown as effective treatments to delay or reverse frailty and reduce cognitive impairment in older people. However, there is very little evidence on the true benefits of combining both strategies. The aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effects of exercise in addition to HMB supplementation, on physical and cognitive health in older adults. Data from 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of HMB supplementation and physical function in adults aged 50 years or older were analyzed, involving 384 participants. Results showed that HMB supplementation in addition to physical exercise has no or fairly low impact in improving body composition, muscle strength, or physical performance in adults aged 50 to 80 years, compared to exercise alone. There is a gap of knowledge on the beneficial effects of HMB combined with exercise to preserve cognitive functions in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Future RCTs are needed to refine treatment choices combining HMB and exercises for older people in particular populations, ages, and health status. Specifically, interventions in older adults aged 80 years or older, with cognitive impairment, frailty, or limited mobility are required.
规律的运动训练和β-羟-β-甲基丁酸（HMB）补充都被证明是有效治疗方法，可以延缓或逆转虚弱和减少老年人的认知障碍。然而，关于同时结合这两种策略的真正益处的证据非常少。本荟萃分析的目的是量化运动加 HMB 补充对老年人身体和认知健康的影响。分析了 10 项随机对照试验（RCT）的数据，这些试验调查了 HMB 补充和 50 岁或以上成年人身体功能的影响，涉及 384 名参与者。结果表明，与单独运动相比，HMB 补充加运动对 50 至 80 岁成年人的身体成分、肌肉力量或身体机能的改善没有影响或影响很小。对于 HMB 与运动相结合在衰老和与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病中对认知功能的有益影响，我们的了解还存在差距。需要未来的 RCT 来完善对特定人群、年龄和健康状况的老年人结合 HMB 和运动的治疗选择。具体而言，需要对 80 岁或以上、有认知障碍、虚弱或行动不便的老年人进行干预。
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