Li Nan, Chen Shanbin, He Yuxi, Chen Yamin, Duan Xiaosa, He Wenxing, Wang Qihe, Liu Sana, Liu Tongbo, Fang Haiqin
NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.
School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Apr 3;12:1522287. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1522287. eCollection 2025.
β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) has shown potential in improving muscle protein turnover, which may be important for preventing muscle degradation in aging populations. The aim of this meta-analysis is to clarify the impact of HMB oral supplementation on muscle-related indicators and discover the interaction between dosage and duration. The findings will provide a scientific basis for the use of HMB oral supplementation in the management of muscle attenuation.
A computer systems-based search for articles of randomized controlled trial (RCT) in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, EBSCO English databases and China Journal Full-Text Database (CNKI), Wan Fang Chinese databases, was conducted up to October 2023. Data were pooled using weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
A total of 21 RCTs were included, involving 1935 participants, all of them were > 50 years old. Results showed a positive impact of HMB oral supplementation in improving muscle mass (appendicular skeletal muscle mass: WMD = 1.56 kg, 95% CI: 0.03-3.09 kg and lean mass: WMD = 0.28 kg, 95% CI: 0.16-0.41 kg), strength (handgrip strength: WMD = 0.54 kg, 95% CI: 0.04-1.04 kg and five-time chair stand test: WMD = -0.73 s, 95% CI: -1.35, -0.11 s), and physical function (gait speed: WMD = 0.06 m/s, 95% CI: 0.01-0.10 m/s). Subgroup analysis revealed that the effect of a dosage of 3 g/d had significant improvement, and the effect of supplementation duration lasting > 12 weeks had significant improvement, and a dosage of 3g/day for more than 12 weeks was recommended.
HMB oral supplementation can improve muscle mass, strength, and physical function. We recommend to implement supplementation at a dosage of 3 g for a duration exceeding 12 weeks to achieve optimal benefits.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/login, identifier 42024518958.
β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸酯（HMB）在改善肌肉蛋白质周转方面已显示出潜力，这对于预防老年人群的肌肉退化可能很重要。本荟萃分析的目的是阐明口服补充HMB对肌肉相关指标的影响，并发现剂量与持续时间之间的相互作用。研究结果将为口服补充HMB用于肌肉衰减管理提供科学依据。
截至2023年10月，在PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、科学引文索引、ScienceDirect、EBSCO英文数据库以及中国知网、万方中文数据库中，基于计算机系统检索随机对照试验（RCT）文章。采用加权均数差（WMD）和95%置信区间（95%CI）合并数据。
共纳入21项RCT，涉及1935名参与者，均为50岁以上。结果显示，口服补充HMB对改善肌肉质量（四肢骨骼肌质量：WMD = 1.56 kg，95%CI：0.03 - 3.09 kg；去脂体重：WMD = 0.28 kg，95%CI：0.16 - 0.41 kg）、力量（握力：WMD = 0.54 kg，95%CI：0.04 - 1.04 kg；五次起坐试验：WMD = -0.73 s，95%CI：-1.35，-0.11 s）和身体功能（步速：WMD = 0.06 m/s，95%CI：0.01 - 0.10 m/s）有积极影响。亚组分析显示，3 g/d的剂量效果有显著改善，补充持续时间超过12周的效果有显著改善，建议采用3g/天的剂量补充超过12周。
口服补充HMB可改善肌肉质量、力量和身体功能。我们建议采用3 g的剂量补充超过12周以获得最佳益处。
