Neeve Samuel C, Robinson Bruce Ws, Fear Vanessa S
National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases (NCARD) Lv5 QQ Block (M503) QEII Medical Centre The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia.
School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia.
Clin Transl Immunology. 2019 Aug 28;8(8):e1076. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1076. eCollection 2019.
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The disease is classified into two major subtypes, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and the more prevalent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). First-line conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, have offered limited benefit, and patient prognosis remains poor with post-treatment recurrences representing a major cause of morbidity. Consequently, there is an urgent need for improved therapeutic options. Historically, NSCLC has been considered a non-immunogenic disease. However, increased understanding of tumor-immune interactions has challenged this paradigm in both lung and other malignancies, with cancer elimination by tumor-specific T cells increasingly well described in a myriad of solid tumors. Recent evidence has demonstrated that absent or weak anticancer responses are likely a product of tumor-derived immunosuppression. This knowledge, along with a greater appreciation for the role of T cells in lung cancer elimination, has driven development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches which are demonstrating remarkable clinical efficacy. This review examines the role of T cells in lung cancer, discussing the direction and clinical significance of current and future immunotherapeutic strategies.
肺癌仍然是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。该疾病分为两种主要亚型，即小细胞肺癌（SCLC）和更为常见的非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）。一线传统疗法，如化疗、放疗和手术，带来的益处有限，患者预后仍然很差，治疗后复发是发病的主要原因。因此，迫切需要改进治疗方案。从历史上看，NSCLC一直被认为是一种非免疫原性疾病。然而，对肿瘤-免疫相互作用的深入了解在肺癌和其他恶性肿瘤中都对这一范式提出了挑战，在众多实体瘤中，肿瘤特异性T细胞消除癌症的现象越来越多地得到描述。最近的证据表明，抗癌反应缺失或微弱可能是肿瘤源性免疫抑制的结果。这一认识，以及对T细胞在消除肺癌中作用的更深入理解，推动了新型免疫治疗方法的发展，这些方法已显示出显著的临床疗效。本综述探讨了T细胞在肺癌中的作用，讨论了当前和未来免疫治疗策略的方向及临床意义。
