Business School, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
Center for Resource and Environmental Management, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Nov;26(31):31632-31643. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-06330-4. Epub 2019 Sep 4.
In recent years, BRICS countries have attached great importance to renewable energy development and actively promoted the shift of economic structure towards service industry, in order to achieve the decoupling of economic development from carbon emissions. However, relevant studies mostly neglect the cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity issues, which may cause biased results. Therefore, this paper selects the panel data of BRICS countries during 1996-2017 and employs the common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) method, which are based on the cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity assumptions, to explore the influence of renewable energy consumption and service industry development on CO emissions in BRICS countries. Besides, we also use the random effects model and pooled estimated generalized least squares model, as well as fully modified OLS model for comparison. The results indicate that enhancing the proportion of renewable energy consumption in the total energy consumption is an effective measure to reduce CO emissions in BRICS countries. Moreover, the steadily rising contribution of service industry to economic growth in BRICS countries during the sample period does not necessarily contribute to reduce CO emissions.
近年来，金砖国家高度重视可再生能源发展，并积极推动经济结构向服务业转型，以实现经济发展与碳排放的脱钩。然而，相关研究大多忽略了横截面相依性和异质性问题，这可能导致有偏的结果。因此，本文选用了 1996-2017 年金砖国家的面板数据，基于横截面相依性和异质性假设，采用共同相关效应均值组（CCEMG）方法，探讨了可再生能源消费和服务业发展对金砖国家 CO2 排放的影响。此外，我们还使用了随机效应模型、 pooled 估计广义最小二乘法模型和全修正 OLS 模型进行比较。结果表明，提高可再生能源在总能源消费中的比重是减少金砖国家 CO2 排放的有效措施。此外，在样本期内，金砖国家服务业对经济增长的贡献稳步上升，但这并不一定有助于减少 CO2 排放。
