Abdelaziz A A, el-Nakeeb M A
Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid.
J Clin Pharm Ther. 1988 Aug;13(4):249-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.1988.tb00189.x.
The sporicidal activity of a 1% solution of five local anaesthetics and five preservatives (cetrimide, chlorocresol, chlorhexidine, phenoxyethanol and phenylmercuric nitrate) at their commonly used concentrations, alone and in binary combinations, was determined against Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger spores at different temperature levels by surface viable count technique. The sporicidal activity of all tested systems was temperature dependent and A. niger spores were much more sensitive to the effect of the test systems than B. subtilis spores. The temperatures at which 99% kill is achieved after 30 min exposure were calculated. For local anaesthetics used singly against A. niger the recorded temperatures were 30 degrees C for amethocaine, 45 degrees C for amylocaine, 43 degrees C for cincochaine, 48 degrees C and 50 degrees C for lignocaine and procaine, respectively. A control temperature of 58 degrees C for saline solution was observed. Much higher temperatures were recorded for B. subtilis spores. Cincochaine was the most effective local anaesthetic with a recorded temperature of 60 degrees C for a 99% kill while amylocaine and amethocaine showed temperatures of 84 and 90 degrees C respectively. Procaine, lignocaine as well as the control saline solution recorded temperatures higher than 100 degrees C. Among the 25 binary combinations of local anaesthetics and preservatives tested, the most pronounced potentiation of the sporicidal activity against fungal spores was recorded with chlorocresol combinations, while other combinations of the four remaining preservatives showed different types of interactions at various temperature levels.
采用表面活菌计数技术，在不同温度水平下，测定了五种局部麻醉剂和五种防腐剂（溴化十六烷基三甲铵、氯甲酚、氯己定、苯氧乙醇和硝酸苯汞）1%溶液单独及二元组合时，对枯草芽孢杆菌和黑曲霉孢子的杀孢子活性。所有测试体系的杀孢子活性均与温度有关，且黑曲霉孢子对测试体系的作用比枯草芽孢杆菌孢子敏感得多。计算了暴露30分钟后达到99%杀灭率时的温度。单独使用局部麻醉剂对黑曲霉时，记录到的温度分别为：丁卡因30℃、戊卡因45℃、辛可卡因43℃、利多卡因和普鲁卡因分别为48℃和50℃。观察到生理盐水对照温度为58℃。枯草芽孢杆菌孢子的记录温度要高得多。辛可卡因是最有效的局部麻醉剂，记录到的99%杀灭率温度为60℃，而戊卡因和丁卡因的温度分别为84℃和90℃。普鲁卡因、利多卡因以及生理盐水对照记录的温度高于100℃。在所测试的25种局部麻醉剂与防腐剂的二元组合中，氯甲酚组合对真菌孢子的杀孢子活性增强最为显著，而其余四种防腐剂的其他组合在不同温度水平下表现出不同类型的相互作用。
