Department of Biology, Stanford University, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
New Phytol. 2020 Feb;225(4):1428-1439. doi: 10.1111/nph.16166. Epub 2019 Sep 27.
The structural and functional integrity of the cell wall needs to be constantly monitored and fine-tuned to allow for growth while preventing mechanical failure. Many studies have advanced our understanding of the pathways that contribute to cell wall biosynthesis and how these pathways are regulated by external and internal cues. Recent evidence also supports a model in which certain aspects of the wall itself may act as growth-regulating signals. Molecular components of the signaling pathways that sense and maintain cell wall integrity have begun to be revealed, including signals arising in the wall, sensors that detect changes at the cell surface, and downstream signal transduction modules. Abiotic and biotic stress conditions provide new contexts for the study of cell wall integrity, but the nature and consequences of wall disruptions due to various stressors require further investigation. A deeper understanding of cell wall signaling will provide insights into the growth regulatory mechanisms that allow plants to survive in changing environments.
细胞壁的结构和功能完整性需要不断监测和微调，以允许生长，同时防止机械故障。许多研究增进了我们对有助于细胞壁生物合成的途径的理解，以及这些途径如何受到外部和内部信号的调节。最近的证据也支持这样一种模式，即细胞壁本身的某些方面可能作为生长调节信号发挥作用。已经开始揭示感知和维持细胞壁完整性的信号通路的分子组成部分，包括来自细胞壁的信号、检测细胞表面变化的传感器以及下游信号转导模块。非生物和生物胁迫条件为细胞壁完整性的研究提供了新的背景，但由于各种胁迫源导致的细胞壁破坏的性质和后果需要进一步研究。对细胞壁信号的更深入了解将为理解允许植物在不断变化的环境中生存的生长调节机制提供帮助。
