Engelsdorf Timo, Hamann Thorsten
Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
Ann Bot. 2014 Oct;114(6):1339-47. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcu043. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
Plant cell walls form the interface between the cells and their environment. They perform different functions, such as protecting cells from biotic and abiotic stress and providing structural support during development. Maintenance of the functional integrity of cell walls during these different processes is a prerequisite that enables the walls to perform their particular functions. The available evidence suggests that an integrity maintenance mechanism exists in plants that is capable of both detecting wall integrity impairment caused by cell wall damage and initiating compensatory responses to maintain functional integrity. The responses involve 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), jasmonic acid, reactive oxygen species and calcium-based signal transduction cascades as well as the production of lignin and other cell wall components. Experimental evidence implicates clearly different signalling molecules, but knowledge regarding contributions of receptor-like kinases to this process is less clear. Different receptor-like kinase families have been considered as possible sensors for perception of cell wall damage; however, strong experimental evidence that provides insights into functioning exists for very few kinases.
This review examines the involvement of cell wall integrity maintenance in different biological processes, defines what constitutes plant cell wall damage that impairs functional integrity, clarifies which stimulus perception and signal transduction mechanisms are required for integrity maintenance and assesses the available evidence regarding the functions of receptor-like kinases during cell wall integrity maintenance. The review concludes by discussing how the plant cell wall integrity maintenance mechanism could form an essential component of biotic stress responses and of plant development, functions that have not been fully recognized to date.
植物细胞壁构成细胞与其环境之间的界面。它们执行多种功能，例如保护细胞免受生物和非生物胁迫，并在发育过程中提供结构支撑。在这些不同过程中维持细胞壁的功能完整性是使细胞壁能够执行其特定功能的先决条件。现有证据表明，植物中存在一种完整性维持机制，该机制既能检测由细胞壁损伤引起的壁完整性损害，又能启动补偿反应以维持功能完整性。这些反应涉及1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）、茉莉酸、活性氧和基于钙的信号转导级联反应以及木质素和其他细胞壁成分的产生。实验证据明确涉及不同的信号分子，但关于类受体激酶在此过程中的作用的了解尚不清楚。不同的类受体激酶家族已被认为可能是感知细胞壁损伤的传感器；然而，对于极少数激酶，有能深入了解其功能的有力实验证据。
本综述研究了细胞壁完整性维持在不同生物学过程中的参与情况，定义了损害功能完整性的植物细胞壁损伤的构成，阐明了维持完整性所需的刺激感知和信号转导机制，并评估了关于类受体激酶在细胞壁完整性维持过程中的功能的现有证据。综述最后讨论了植物细胞壁完整性维持机制如何可能构成生物胁迫反应和植物发育的重要组成部分，而这些功能迄今尚未得到充分认识。
