Razzak Amine, Kassimi Anass, Mchachi Adil, Benhmidoune Leila, Chakib Abderrahim, Rachid Rayad, Elbelhadji Mohamed, Amraoui Abdelouahed, Elkabli Hassan
Service d'Ophtalmologie Adultes, Hôpital 20 Août 1953, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Ibn Rochd, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
Pan Afr Med J. 2019 Jun 14;33:116. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.116.17111. eCollection 2019.
This study aims to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of ocular manifestations in patients with Behçet's disease. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study of the medical records of 121 patients managed by specialists with expertise in this disease over a period of one year and a half between January 2015 and June 2016. The average age of patients was 35 years, 63.6% of patients were male, ocular involvement was inaugural in 24% of cases. Patients had anterior uveitis (7.4%), posterior uveitis (15.7%), vasculitis (19%), irido-crystalline synechias (17.5%), macular edema (7.4%), optic atrophy (4.1%), papillary edema (2.5%) and peripheral retinal ischemia (1.7%). In our series, 41.3% of patients were under colchicine, 23.1% under oral corticosteroids, 9% under intravenous corticosteroids, 4.9% under topical corticosteroids, 8.2% under immunosuppressive drugs and 5.8% under vitamin K antagonists. After an average follow-up of 1 year, 40% of patients had stable visual acuity while receiving treatment, 23% had a significant decrease in visual acuity and 5% of cases had complete vision loss. Adequate therapy enables quick containment of the infection and decreases the frequency and severity of recurrences, thus leading to an improvement of the visual prognosis in our patients compared with outcomes in some previous case serie.
本研究旨在分析白塞病患者眼部表现的流行病学、临床、治疗及演变特征。我们对2015年1月至2016年6月期间由该疾病专家诊治的121例患者的病历进行了一项回顾性描述性研究。患者的平均年龄为35岁，63.6%的患者为男性，24%的病例以眼部受累为首发表现。患者出现前葡萄膜炎（7.4%）、后葡萄膜炎（15.7%）、血管炎（19%）、虹膜晶状体粘连（17.5%）、黄斑水肿（7.4%）、视神经萎缩（4.1%）、视乳头水肿（2.5%）及周边视网膜缺血（1.7%）。在我们的研究系列中，41.3%的患者服用秋水仙碱，23.1%服用口服糖皮质激素，9%服用静脉糖皮质激素，4.9%服用局部糖皮质激素，8.2%服用免疫抑制药物，5.8%服用维生素K拮抗剂。平均随访1年后，40%的患者在接受治疗时视力稳定，23%的患者视力显著下降，5%的病例出现完全失明。与一些既往病例系列的结果相比，充分的治疗能够迅速控制感染并降低复发频率及严重程度，从而改善我们患者的视力预后。
