Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Centro de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Área Académica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, México.
Hospital de Ortopedia "Dr. Victorio de la Fuente Narváez", IMSS, Ciudad de México, México.
J Food Biochem. 2019 Sep;43(9):e12986. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.12986. Epub 2019 Jul 21.
Chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) are rich in omega fatty acids. Dyslipidemia and steatohepatitis are diseases that require effective treatments in obese and non-obese patients. The aim was to evaluate the effect of chia intake on acute tyloxapol (TI)-induced dyslipidemia, on acute carbon tetrachloride (TC)-induced steatohepatitis, and on mixed damage (TC+TI) in non-obese rats. Four experimental groups were fed for 4 weeks a diet with established rodent food (DE), and four groups were fed a diet with 15% added chia (DC). Plasma samples were analyzed for total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, biochemical liver damage markers, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Liver samples were used to quantify glycogen, catalase, lipid peroxidation, and TNF-α. A histopathological analysis was performed. DC intake partially or totally prevented steatohepatitis, and reduced lipids in the dyslipidemic groups. The hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects of chia may be correlated to its high content of α-linolenic acid (omega-3) and phenolics. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Metabolic syndrome is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which are currently the most common causes of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for NAFLD and NASH. Non-obese patients may have NAFLD or NASH. Metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia are more strongly associated with NAFLD in non-obese than in obese patients. This is the first study evaluating the hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects of chia seed intake on acute dyslipidemia and/or steatohepatitis caused by the individual or combined administration of the inducers tyloxapol and carbon tetrachloride, respectively, in non-obese rats. The pharmacological effects of dietary chia are correlated to its high content of omega-3 and omega-6 (1:1), protein, dietary fiber, and phenolics. The results suggest that inclusion of chia in diets of non-obese patients with dyslipidemia and/or NAFLD/NASH may improve their health state and preventing cirrhosis or HCC.
奇亚籽（Salvia hispanica L.）富含欧米伽脂肪酸。血脂异常和脂肪性肝炎是肥胖和非肥胖患者都需要有效治疗的疾病。本研究旨在评估奇亚籽摄入对非肥胖大鼠急性 tyloxapol（TI）诱导的血脂异常、急性四氯化碳（TC）诱导的脂肪性肝炎以及混合损伤（TC+TI）的影响。四组实验大鼠分别用含有或不含有奇亚籽的既定啮齿动物饲料（DE 和 DC）喂养 4 周。检测血浆总胆固醇、甘油三酯、葡萄糖、生化肝损伤标志物和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）。肝组织样本用于定量糖原、过氧化氢酶、脂质过氧化和 TNF-α。进行组织病理学分析。奇亚籽摄入部分或完全预防了脂肪性肝炎，并降低了血脂异常组的脂质水平。奇亚籽的降血脂和保肝作用可能与其高含量的α-亚麻酸（omega-3）和酚类物质有关。
代谢综合征与非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）相关，这是目前全球最常见的慢性肝病、肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC）的原因。血脂异常是非酒精性脂肪性肝病和 NASH 的一个重要危险因素。非肥胖患者可能患有非酒精性脂肪性肝病或非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。代谢综合征和血脂异常与非肥胖患者的非酒精性脂肪性肝病的相关性强于肥胖患者。这是第一项评估奇亚籽摄入对急性血脂异常和/或分别由诱导剂 tyloxapol 和四氯化碳联合给药引起的急性脂肪性肝炎的降血脂和保肝作用的研究，在非肥胖大鼠中。奇亚籽饮食的药理学作用与其高含量的 omega-3 和 omega-6（1:1）、蛋白质、膳食纤维和酚类物质有关。研究结果表明，在血脂异常和/或非酒精性脂肪性肝病/非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的非肥胖患者的饮食中加入奇亚籽可能会改善他们的健康状况，预防肝硬化或 HCC。
