Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China.
The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Sep 6;20(18):4376. doi: 10.3390/ijms20184376.
Effector proteins secreted by plant pathogens play important roles in promoting colonization. effector candidate () 1019, a highly conserved metalloprotease of f. sp. (), is essential for fungal haustorium formation, and silencing significantly reduces virulence. In this study, we found that homologs in f. sp. () and var. () have complete sequence identity with those in , prompting us to investigate their functions. Transcript levels of were abundantly induced concomitant with haustorium formation in and necrosis development in -infected plants. overexpression considerably increased wheat susceptibility to and , whereas silencing this gene using host-induced gene silencing significantly enhanced wheat resistance to and , which was associated with hydrogen peroxide accumulation, cell death, and pathogenesis-related gene expression. Additionally, we found that the full and partial sequences of can trigger cell death in leaves. These results indicate that and can utilize as a virulence effector to promote plant colonization, and thus these genes represent promising new targets in breeding wheat cultivars with broad-spectrum resistance.
植物病原菌分泌的效应蛋白在促进定殖方面发挥着重要作用。效应候选蛋白 () 1019 是 f. sp. () 的一种高度保守的金属蛋白酶，对于真菌吸器的形成是必不可少的，沉默该基因会显著降低毒性。在这项研究中，我们发现 f. sp. () 和 var. () 中的同源物与 中的同源物具有完全相同的序列，这促使我们研究它们的功能。在 和坏死发育过程中，与吸器形成同时大量诱导 基因的转录水平。在小麦中过表达该基因会显著增加其对 和 的易感性，而利用寄主诱导的基因沉默技术沉默该基因可显著增强小麦对 和 的抗性，这与过氧化氢的积累、细胞死亡和病程相关基因的表达有关。此外，我们发现 和 的全长和部分序列可以在 叶片中引发细胞死亡。这些结果表明和可以利用作为毒力效应因子来促进植物定殖，因此这些基因代表了培育广谱抗性小麦品种的有前途的新靶标。
