Jha Pamela, Kumari Sonit, Jobby Renitta, Desai Nitin, Ali Ahmad
Amity School of Biotechnology, Amity University Mumbai, Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post, Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2020;16(7):657-673. doi: 10.2174/1573399815666190906151319.
The increasing prevalence of reported cases of diabetes has evidently become a major global public health concern. Although diabetes management is possible by the administration of synthetic anti-diabetic agents, there are profound side-effects associated with their long-term usage. Hence there is a demand for safer alternatives which could be possibly formulated using specific yet common phytonutrients.
The main objective of this review is to describe the cellular mechanisms of phytonutrients as an alternative to commercially available synthetic anti-diabetic agents in the management of diabetes and related complications. Furthermore, the clinical evidence that supports this view is also highlighted.
An in-depth review of published literature was carried out to identify the most promising phytonutrients in the management of diabetes and related complications.
A number of phytonutrients are reported to be potential anti-diabetic agents. Few examples include biguanides, resveratrol, lycopene, thymoquinone and quercetin. However, suitable formulations using these phytonutrients and their clinical trials are still underway. Most of the reported findings focus on one aspect of several biochemical processes e.g. enhancement of glucose utilization, antioxidation, induction of insulin production, antiglycation, etc. An in-depth study of phytonutrients with respect to functional, immunological as well as biochemical factors suggesting their efficacy, as well as safety in the management of diabetes, is rarely reported.
Our study thus highlights the abundance of clinical evidence of the efficiency of phytonutrients, and at the same time, the scarcity of clinically approved and marketed phytonutrients, as drugs, for the management of diabetes and related complications.
报告的糖尿病病例患病率不断上升，显然已成为全球主要的公共卫生问题。尽管通过服用合成抗糖尿病药物可以控制糖尿病，但长期使用这些药物会产生严重的副作用。因此，人们需要更安全的替代品，可能会使用特定但常见的植物营养素来配制。
本综述的主要目的是描述植物营养素作为市售合成抗糖尿病药物替代品在糖尿病及其相关并发症管理中的细胞机制。此外，还强调了支持这一观点的临床证据。
对已发表的文献进行深入综述，以确定在糖尿病及其相关并发症管理中最有前景的植物营养素。
据报道，一些植物营养素是潜在的抗糖尿病药物。少数例子包括双胍类、白藜芦醇、番茄红素、百里醌和槲皮素。然而，使用这些植物营养素的合适配方及其临床试验仍在进行中。大多数已报道的研究结果只关注几个生化过程的一个方面，例如葡萄糖利用的增强、抗氧化、胰岛素分泌的诱导、抗糖化等。关于植物营养素在糖尿病管理中的功能、免疫以及生化因素方面的疗效和安全性的深入研究很少见。
因此，我们的研究突出了植物营养素有效性的大量临床证据，同时也凸显了临床上批准并作为药物上市的用于糖尿病及其相关并发症管理的植物营养素的稀缺性。
