Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong.
Centre for Child and Family Science, The Education University of Hong Kong.
Perspect Psychol Sci. 2019 Nov;14(6):967-1005. doi: 10.1177/1745691619863046. Epub 2019 Sep 6.
Self-control plays a significant role in positive youth development. Although numerous self-control challenges occur during adolescence, some adolescents control themselves better than others. Parenting is considered a critical factor that distinguishes adolescents with good self-control from those with poor self-control, but existing findings are inconsistent. This meta-analysis summarizes the overall relationship between parenting and self-control among adolescents aged 10 to 22 years. The analysis includes 191 articles reporting 1,540 effect sizes ( = 164,459). The results show that parenting is associated with adolescents' self-control both concurrently ( = .204, < .001) and longitudinally ( = .157, < .001). Longitudinal studies also reveal that adolescents' self-control influences subsequent parenting ( = .155, < .001). Moderator analyses show that the effect sizes are largely invariant across cultures, ethnicities, age of adolescents, and parent and youth gender. Our results point to the importance of parenting in individual differences in adolescent self-control and vice versa.
自我控制在青少年积极发展中起着重要作用。尽管青春期会出现许多自我控制的挑战，但有些青少年比其他青少年更能控制自己。养育方式被认为是区分自我控制良好和自我控制不良的青少年的关键因素，但现有研究结果并不一致。本元分析总结了 10 至 22 岁青少年中养育方式与自我控制之间的总体关系。该分析包括 191 篇报告 1540 个效应大小（=164459）的文章。结果表明，养育方式与青少年的自我控制既有相关性（=0.204，<0.001），也有纵向相关性（=0.157，<0.001）。纵向研究还表明，青少年的自我控制会影响后续的养育方式（=0.155，<0.001）。调节分析表明，在不同文化、种族、青少年年龄以及父母和青少年的性别中，效应大小在很大程度上是不变的。我们的研究结果表明，养育方式在青少年自我控制的个体差异中很重要，反之亦然。
