Department of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, RI 02912, United States; Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2019 Oct;29:261-265. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.08.002. Epub 2019 Aug 9.
Performing and learning motor behaviors are fundamental to everyday life. The relations between perceptual input and motor output have been studied and are well understood for simple experimental settings. Recent findings, however, suggest that motor actions also critically depend on cognitive factors; these influences are most notable in complex environments that place high demands on attention and memory. In this review, the role of various aspects of attention in motor control is discussed, focusing on the following points: (1) recent findings concerning interactions between attentional resources and motor skill acquisition, (2) the consistency of attentional states (divided versus focused) and motor memory retrieval, and (3) the locus of attention (internal versus external) and motor performance. These findings collectively highlight the interplay between attention and motor systems, which in turn has practical implications for developing and improving motor training and rehabilitation programs.
进行和学习运动行为是日常生活的基础。感知输入和运动输出之间的关系已经在简单的实验环境中进行了研究和很好的理解。然而，最近的发现表明，运动动作也严重依赖于认知因素；这些影响在对注意力和记忆力要求很高的复杂环境中最为明显。在这篇综述中，讨论了注意力的各个方面在运动控制中的作用，重点关注以下几点：（1）注意力资源与运动技能习得之间相互作用的最新发现，（2）注意力状态（分散与集中）和运动记忆检索的一致性，以及（3）注意力的位置（内部与外部）和运动表现。这些发现共同强调了注意力和运动系统之间的相互作用，这对开发和改进运动训练和康复计划具有实际意义。
