J Phys Act Health. 2019 Oct 1;16(10):908-915. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0018. Epub 2019 Sep 6.
Little is known about variation in meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (including physical activity [PA], sleep, and screen time [ST]) in early childhood. The aim was to evaluate sociodemographic differences in meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines.
Parents of 3-4 year old children reported sociodemographic information and ST. Sleep and PA were measured using accelerometry, and height and weight were objectively measured. The 24-Hour Movement Guidelines include daily PA (total PA: ≥3 h; including ≥1 h of moderate to vigorous), sleep (10-13 h), and ST (≤1 h). Meeting guidelines by age, sex, race, poverty level, and weight status were assessed using chi-square and linear regression models.
Of 107 children, 57% were white and 26% lived in households at or below the poverty level. Most children met the PA (91.5%) and sleep (86.9%) guidelines, but few met ST (14.0%) or all 3 (11.3%) guidelines. African American children and children who lived at or below the poverty level were less likely to meet the sleep, ST, and all 3 guidelines compared with others (P < .01 for all). There were no other differences.
These results suggest future interventions should focus on reducing differences in movement, namely in sleep and ST.
对于幼儿期是否符合 24 小时运动指南（包括体力活动[PA]、睡眠和屏幕时间[ST]），人们知之甚少。本研究旨在评估社会人口统计学差异与符合 24 小时运动指南之间的关系。
3-4 岁儿童的家长报告社会人口统计学信息和 ST。使用加速度计测量睡眠和 PA，身高和体重采用客观测量。24 小时运动指南包括每天的 PA（总 PA：≥3 小时；包括≥1 小时的中等到剧烈运动）、睡眠（10-13 小时）和 ST（≤1 小时）。通过卡方检验和线性回归模型评估按年龄、性别、种族、贫困水平和体重状况符合指南的情况。
在 107 名儿童中，57%是白人，26%的家庭生活在贫困线或以下。大多数儿童符合 PA（91.5%）和睡眠（86.9%）指南，但很少有儿童符合 ST（14.0%）或全部 3 项（11.3%）指南。与其他儿童相比，非裔美国儿童和生活在贫困线或以下的儿童更不可能符合睡眠、ST 和全部 3 项指南（所有 P<.01）。没有其他差异。
这些结果表明，未来的干预措施应重点关注减少运动方面的差异，特别是在睡眠和 ST 方面。
