School of Nursing, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA,
Blood Purif. 2020;49(1-2):25-32. doi: 10.1159/000502678. Epub 2019 Sep 6.
There is a clear relationship between sodium intake and blood pressure in patients on chronic hemodialysis (HEMO). To date, there are few studies that assess sodium knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors in patients on chronic HEMO. The purpose of this research study was to determine sodium knowledge, beliefs and behaviors in patients on chronic HEMO.
A descriptive correlational study was conducted using an investigator developed online sodium knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors survey. Participants were recruited via nephrology social media websites.
One hundred and fourteen participants completed the survey, the majority of participants (n = 39, 34.2%) were between the ages of 36 and 50 years, 55.3% (n = 63) were female, and 70% (n = 80) were white. Fifty-four participants (47%) could not identify their recommended salt intake limit. Participants answered an average of 4 out of 7 questions pertaining to sodium knowledge correctly (SD 1.5). Increased age was associated with total sodium knowledge (r = 0.33, p= 0.01) and length of time on HEMO was related to total sodium knowledge (r = -0.20, p = 0.04). In terms of beliefs, 38% (n = 44) were unsure or did not believe that salt intake was related to blood pressure and 30% (n = 33) did not feel it was related to fluid gains. Forty-two participants (37%) responded that they were not informed by a health care provider to cut down their salt intake.
Knowledge about sodium levels is lacking in patients on chronic HEMO. Patients may be more likely to decrease their sodium intake if they know their recommended sodium levels. Health care providers are not doing enough to educate patients on the need to decrease sodium intake and reinforce the relationship between sodium intake, fluid gains, and blood pressure. Findings from this study are useful to help develop educational programs to target these knowledge needs.
在接受慢性血液透析（HEMO）的患者中，钠摄入量与血压之间存在明显关系。迄今为止，评估慢性 HEMO 患者的钠知识、信念和行为的研究很少。本研究旨在确定慢性 HEMO 患者的钠知识、信念和行为。
采用研究者开发的在线钠知识、信念和行为调查进行描述性相关性研究。通过肾脏病社交媒体网站招募参与者。
共有 114 名参与者完成了调查，大多数参与者（n=39，34.2%）年龄在 36 至 50 岁之间，55.3%（n=63）为女性，70%（n=80）为白人。54 名参与者（47%）无法确定他们的推荐盐摄入量限制。参与者平均答对了 7 道有关钠知识的问题中的 4 道（SD 1.5）。年龄越大，钠知识总分越高（r=0.33，p=0.01），接受 HEMO 治疗的时间越长，钠知识总分越高（r=-0.20，p=0.04）。在信念方面，38%（n=44）不确定或不相信盐摄入量与血压有关，30%（n=33）不认为盐摄入量与液体增加有关。42 名参与者（37%）表示，没有医疗保健提供者告知他们减少盐摄入量。
慢性 HEMO 患者对钠水平的知识不足。如果患者了解自己的推荐钠摄入量，他们可能更愿意减少钠摄入量。医疗保健提供者在教育患者减少钠摄入量以及强化钠摄入量、液体增加和血压之间的关系方面做得还不够。本研究的结果有助于制定教育计划，以满足这些知识需求。
