Ghasemi Asghar, Bahadoran Zahra, Mirmiran Parvin, Hosseinpanah Farhad, Shiva Niloofar, Zadeh-Vakili Azita
Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Jul 29;17(3):e95415. doi: 10.5812/ijem.95415. eCollection 2019 Jul.
The discussion section of a scientific paper is supposed to interpret and elucidate the significance of the study findings, highlight current knowledge available on the research problem being investigated, and explain the novel aspects emerging from the findings of the study in moving the field forward. A well-written discussion should provide clear "statements of the main findings", "possible explanations and implications", "strengths and weaknesses of the study and other studies", "unanswered questions", and "suggestions for future research". The authors also need to clarify the external validity of the findings and show how the findings can be generalized. In this review, we focus on the function, content, and organization of the "discussion section" of a hypothesis-testing paper. Beyond providing the most important principles and common strategies for organizing the discussion section, we also discuss metadiscourse, scientific explanation (reasoning and contextualization), and models of scientific explanation.
科研论文的讨论部分旨在解读并阐明研究结果的意义，突出关于所研究问题的现有知识，并解释研究结果中推动该领域发展的新方面。一篇撰写良好的讨论应提供清晰的“主要研究结果陈述”、“可能的解释和影响”、“本研究及其他研究的优点和不足”、“未解决的问题”以及“对未来研究的建议”。作者还需要阐明研究结果的外部有效性，并说明这些结果如何能够推广。在本综述中，我们聚焦于假设检验论文“讨论部分”的功能、内容和组织。除了提供组织讨论部分的最重要原则和常见策略外，我们还讨论元话语、科学解释（推理和情境化）以及科学解释模型。
