Li Meng-Yuan, Tang Xiao-Huan, Fu Yan, Wang Tie-Jun, Zhu Jia-Ming
Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Oncol. 2019 Aug 21;9:787. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00787. eCollection 2019.
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and no obvious decline in incidence and mortality has occurred in recent years. It is imperative to further investigate the mechanisms underlying tumor progression. Long non-coding RNAs have received considerable attention in recent years because of their major regulatory roles in gene expression. Among them, PVT1 is well-studied, and substantial evidence indicates that PVT1 plays critical roles in the onset and development of cancers. Normally, PVT1 acts as an oncogenic factor by promoting cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Herein, we summarize current knowledge regarding the regulatory effects of PVT1 in cancer progression, as well as the related underlying mechanisms, such as interaction with Myc, modulation of miRNAs, and regulation of gene transcription and protein expression. In extracellular fluid, PVT1 mainly promotes cancer initiation, and it normally enhances cellular cancer characteristics in the cytoplasm and cell nucleus. Regarding clinical applications, its role in drug resistance and its potential use as a diagnostic and prognostic marker have received increasing attention. We hope that this review will contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory role of PVT1 in cancer progression, paving the way for the development of PVT1-based therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment.
癌症是全球第二大死因，近年来其发病率和死亡率并未出现明显下降。进一步探究肿瘤进展的潜在机制势在必行。长链非编码RNA近年来受到了广泛关注，因为它们在基因表达中发挥着重要的调控作用。其中，PVT1已得到充分研究，大量证据表明PVT1在癌症的发生和发展中起着关键作用。正常情况下，PVT1通过促进癌细胞增殖、侵袭、转移和耐药性而发挥致癌因子的作用。在此，我们总结了目前关于PVT1在癌症进展中的调控作用的相关知识，以及相关的潜在机制，如与Myc的相互作用、对miRNA的调控以及对基因转录和蛋白质表达的调节。在细胞外液中，PVT1主要促进癌症的起始，并且通常在细胞质和细胞核中增强细胞的癌症特征。在临床应用方面，其在耐药性中的作用以及作为诊断和预后标志物的潜在用途受到了越来越多的关注。我们希望这篇综述将有助于更好地理解PVT1在癌症进展中的调控作用，为开发基于PVT1的癌症治疗方法铺平道路。
