Begliarzade Sema, Beilerli Aferin, Sufianov Albert, Tamrazov Rasim, Kudriashov Valentin, Ilyasova Tatiana, Liang Yanchao, Beylerli Ozal
Republican Clinical Perinatal Center, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450106, Russia.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tyumen State Medical University, 54 Odesskaya Street, 625023, Tyumen, Russia.
Noncoding RNA Res. 2023 Feb 21;8(2):233-239. doi: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.02.006. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women. The detection of oncopathologies in the early stages of development is a paramount task of modern medicine, which can be solved only by improving modern diagnostic methods. The use of screening for certain tumor markers could complement modern tests such as testing for oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV), cytology, colposcopy with acetic acid and iodine solutions. Such highly informative biomarkers can be long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are highly specific compared to the mRNA profile and are involved in the regulation of gene expression. LncRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs molecules that are typically over 200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs may be involved in the regulation of all major cellular processes, including proliferation and differentiation, metabolism, signaling pathways, and apoptosis. LncRNAs molecules are highly stable due to their small size, which is also their undoubted advantage. The study of individual lncRNAs as regulators of the expression of genes involved in the mechanisms of oncogenesis cervical cancer can be not only of great diagnostic value, but, as a result, of therapeutic significance in cervical cancer patients. This review article will present the characteristics of lncRNAs that allow them to be used as accurate diagnostic and prognostic tools, as well as to consider them as effective therapeutic targets in cervical cancer.
宫颈癌是女性中第二常见的癌症。在癌症发展的早期阶段检测肿瘤病变是现代医学的一项首要任务，而这只有通过改进现代诊断方法才能解决。使用某些肿瘤标志物进行筛查可以补充现代检测手段，如检测致癌型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）、细胞学检查、用醋酸和碘溶液进行阴道镜检查。这类信息丰富的生物标志物可能是长链非编码RNA（lncRNA），与mRNA谱相比具有高度特异性，并且参与基因表达的调控。LncRNA是一类长度通常超过200个核苷酸的非编码RNA分子。LncRNA可能参与所有主要细胞过程的调控，包括增殖与分化、代谢、信号通路和细胞凋亡。LncRNA分子因其体积小而高度稳定，这也是其无疑的优势。研究单个lncRNA作为参与宫颈癌发生机制的基因表达调节因子，不仅具有重大诊断价值，而且因此对宫颈癌患者具有治疗意义。这篇综述文章将介绍lncRNA的特性，这些特性使其能够用作准确的诊断和预后工具，并将其视为宫颈癌有效的治疗靶点。
