Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London.
Health Psychol. 2019 Nov;38(11):1014-1024. doi: 10.1037/hea0000796. Epub 2019 Sep 9.
The purpose of this study was to examine cross-sectional and prospective associations between perceived sex discrimination and health and well-being in a sample from the United Kingdom.
Data were from 2,956 women aged ≥16 years who participated in the U.K. Household Longitudinal Study. Perceived discrimination was reported in 2009-2010. Psychological distress, mental functioning, life satisfaction, and self-rated health were assessed in 2009-2010 and 2013-2014. Depression was assessed in 2009 and 2010. Linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, income, education, and ethnicity. Prospective analyses adjusted for baseline well-being.
Perceived sex discrimination was reported by 576 (19.5%) participants. Younger, wealthier, better educated, White women reported more discrimination (p < .001). Cross-sectionally, perceived discrimination was associated with increased depression (odds ratio [OR] = 3.16, 95% confidence interval [CI; 2.10, 4.79]) psychological distress (B = 1.26, 95% CI [0.95, 1.56]), poorer mental functioning (B = -5.39, 95% CI [-6.33, -4.46]), lower life satisfaction (B = -0.52, 95% CI [-0.69, -0.36]), and greater odds of poor self-rated health (OR = 1.89, 95% CI [1.47, 2.41]). Prospectively, perceived sex discrimination was associated with increased psychological distress (B = 0.66, 95% CI [0.07, 1.24]), poorer mental functioning (B = -1.37, 95% CI [-2.71, -0.03]), and lower life satisfaction (B = -0.32, 95% CI [-0.58, -0.05]) over 4-year follow-up.
Women who perceive that they have been discriminated against based on their sex report poorer mental health and well-being than those who do not perceive discrimination. These results provide cross-sectional and prospective evidence of associations between perceived sex discrimination and mental well-being outcomes in U.K. women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究旨在探讨英国样本中感知到的性别歧视与健康和幸福感之间的横断面和前瞻性关联。
数据来自 2956 名年龄≥16 岁的参与英国家庭纵向研究的女性。2009-2010 年报告了感知歧视。2009-2010 年和 2013-2014 年评估了心理困扰、心理功能、生活满意度和自我评估健康状况。2009 年和 2010 年评估了抑郁。线性和逻辑回归分析调整了年龄、收入、教育和种族。前瞻性分析调整了基线健康状况。
576 名（19.5%）参与者报告了感知到的性别歧视。年轻、富裕、受教育程度较高、白人女性报告的歧视更多（p<.001）。横断面分析显示，感知歧视与抑郁增加（优势比[OR] = 3.16，95%置信区间[CI; 2.10，4.79]）、心理困扰（B = 1.26，95%CI [0.95，1.56]）、心理功能较差（B =-5.39，95%CI [-6.33，-4.46]）、生活满意度较低（B =-0.52，95%CI [-0.69，-0.36]）和自我评估健康状况不佳的几率增加（OR = 1.89，95%CI [1.47，2.41]）有关。前瞻性地，感知到的性别歧视与心理困扰增加（B = 0.66，95%CI [0.07，1.24]）、心理功能较差（B =-1.37，95%CI [-2.71，-0.03]）和生活满意度较低（B =-0.32，95%CI [-0.58，-0.05]）有关。在 4 年的随访中。
认为自己受到性别歧视的女性比不认为自己受到歧视的女性报告的心理健康和幸福感更差。这些结果为英国女性感知到的性别歧视与心理健康结果之间的关联提供了横断面和前瞻性证据。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
