School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2019 Nov;104:109983. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109983. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
We report the development of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)/carboxylated-cellulose nanocrystals (cCNCs) - reinforced and ionically-crosslinked k-carrageenan (k-CG)/xanthan gum (XG) hydrogels. In this study, cCNCs were extracted from microcrystalline cellulose using ammonium persulfate and exhibit 'spindle-like' nanocrystals with approximate diameter of 15-30 nm and length of 30-120 nm. The freeze-dried hydrogels showed highly porous microstructure with good pore-interconnectivity. Further, tunable swelling ratio and in vitro degradation rate of hydrogels under physiological condition (pH 7.4 PBS, 37 °C) were observed. In wet or dry states, the dynamic mechanical analysis of kCXGHN20cCN20 hydrogel showed significantly improved compressive strengths (at 50% strain: 8.1 ± 1.35 kPa or 81.33 ± 1.66 kPa, whereas at 70% strain: 11.84 ± 0.61 kPa or 120.7 ± 1.16 kPa) when reinforced with HNTs (20 wt%)/cCNCs (20 wt%), respectively. The stiffness values are reported at different compressive strains. All hydrogels showed excellent attachment and proliferation of human skin fibroblasts (CCD-986Sk) cells on hydrogels for 7 and 14 days of culture periods. The results showed that these hydrogels may have potential application in soft tissue engineering.
我们报告了 halloysite 纳米管（HNTs）/羧化纤维素纳米晶体（cCNCs）增强的离子交联角叉菜聚糖（k-CG）/黄原胶（XG）水凝胶的开发。在这项研究中，使用过硫酸铵从微晶纤维素中提取出 cCNCs，其呈现出“纺锤状”纳米晶体，直径约为 15-30nm，长度为 30-120nm。冻干水凝胶具有高度多孔的微观结构，具有良好的孔连通性。此外，还观察到了在生理条件（pH 7.4 PBS，37°C）下水凝胶的可调溶胀比和体外降解率。在湿态或干态下，kCXGHN20cCN20 水凝胶的动态力学分析表明，当分别用 HNTs（20wt%）/cCNCs（20wt%）增强时，其压缩强度（在 50%应变时：8.1±1.35kPa 或 81.33±1.66kPa，而在 70%应变时：11.84±0.61kPa 或 120.7±1.16kPa）显著提高。报告了在不同压缩应变下的刚度值。所有水凝胶在培养 7 和 14 天期间均显示出人皮肤成纤维细胞（CCD-986Sk）在水凝胶上良好的黏附和增殖。结果表明，这些水凝胶在软组织工程中有潜在的应用。
