评价油菜籽粕作为生长育肥牛小母牛的蛋白质补充料 1,2.

Evaluation of Brassica carinata meal as a protein supplement for growing beef heifers1,2.

机构信息

Department of Animal Sciences, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL.

Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 2019 Oct 3;97(10):4334-4340. doi: 10.1093/jas/skz280.

DOI:10.1093/jas/skz280

PMID:31504639

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6776272/

Abstract

Brassica carinata is a new oilseed crop in Florida with the potential of producing high-quality jet biofuel. A high-protein meal (~40% crude protein; CP) is obtained as a byproduct of oil extraction; however, limited research is available on the utilization of this meal as a protein supplement for beef cattle. A generalized randomized block design was used to evaluate the effects of supplementation with B. carinata meal pellets on performance and attainment of puberty in growing beef heifers consuming bermudagrass hay (Cynodon dactylon) ad libitum. Sixty-four Angus crossbred heifers (240 ± 39 kg initial body weight; BW) were stratified and blocked (2 blocks: light and heavy) by initial BW and randomly allocated into 18 pens over 2 consecutive years (10 in year 1 and 8 in year 2). Within block, pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 0 (CTL) or 0.3% of BW/d (as fed) of B. carinata meal pellets (BCM). Blood samples and BW were collected weekly for 70 d, before daily supplementation. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS with repeated measures. Model included the fixed effects of treatment, day, treatment × day interactions, block, and block × treatment interactions, with the random effect of year. Plasma was analyzed for concentrations of progesterone, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and haptoglobin (Hp). An effect of treatment was observed (P ˂ 0.01) for ADG between CTL (0.14 kg) and BCM (0.42 kg). There was no treatment or block (P > 0.05) effect for concentrations of T3, T4, or Hp; however, there was an effect of day (P < 0.01) for T3, T4, and Cp. An effect of treatment (P ˂ 0.01) was observed for Cp, with CTL having greater concentrations compared with BCM. Time to attainment of puberty did not differ (P = 0.93) between treatments. Feeding B. carinata meal as a protein supplement at 0.3% of BW/d is a viable option for increasing ADG of growing beef heifers, without affecting attainment of puberty, thyroid hormone status, or eliciting an acute phase response.

摘要

油菜籽是佛罗里达州的一种新型油料作物，具有生产高质量喷气生物燃料的潜力。在提取油的过程中会得到一种高蛋白饲料（约 40%粗蛋白；CP）；然而，关于将这种饲料用作育肥牛的蛋白质补充料的研究有限。本研究采用广义随机区组设计，评估了在自由采食百慕大干草（Cynodon dactylon）的生长育肥牛中补充油菜籽粕颗粒对其生产性能和初情期的影响。64 头安格斯杂交后备牛（240±39kg 初始体重；BW）按初始 BW 进行分层和分组（2 组：轻组和重组），并随机分配到 2 个连续年份的 18 个围栏中（第 1 年 10 个，第 2 年 8 个）。在组内，围栏随机分为 2 种处理之一：0（CTL）或 0.3% BW/d（实际采食量）的油菜籽粕（BCM）。在每日补充之前，每周采集 70d 的血样和 BW。数据使用 SAS 的 PROC MIXED 进行分析，采用重复测量模型。模型包括处理、天数、处理×天数交互、组和组×处理交互的固定效应，以及年度的随机效应。分析了血浆中孕酮、三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、甲状腺素（T4）、铜蓝蛋白（Cp）和触珠蛋白（Hp）的浓度。CTL（0.14kg）和 BCM（0.42kg）之间的 ADG 存在处理效应（P＜0.01）。T3、T4 或 Hp 浓度没有处理或组（P＞0.05）的影响；然而，T3、T4 和 Cp 存在天数的影响（P＜0.01）。Cp 存在处理效应（P＜0.01），CTL 组的浓度高于 BCM 组。达到初情期的时间在处理之间没有差异（P=0.93）。以 0.3% BW/d 的比例给育肥牛补充油菜籽粕作为蛋白质补充料是增加生长育肥牛 ADG 的可行选择，不会影响达到初情期、甲状腺激素状态或引发急性相反应。