Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 190, 234 22 Lomma, Sweden.
Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Sep 3;14(9):1757. doi: 10.3390/genes14091757.
Ethiopian mustard ( A. Braun) is currently one of the potential oilseeds dedicated to the production for biofuel and other bio-industrial applications. The crop is assumed to be native to Ethiopia where a number of diversified germplasms are found and conserved . However, there is very limited information on the genetic diversity and population structure of the species. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of genotypes of different origins using high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We used Brassica 90K Illumina Infinium SNP array for genotyping 90 genotypes, and a total of 11,499 informative SNP markers were used for investigating the population structure and genetic diversity. The structure analysis, principal coordinate analysis (PcoA) and neighbor-joining tree analysis clustered the 90 genotypes into two distinct subpopulations (Pop1 and Pop2). The majority of accessions (65%) were clustered in Pop1, mainly obtained from Oromia and South West Ethiopian People (SWEP) regions. Pop2 constituted dominantly of breeding lines and varieties, implying target selection contributed to the formation of distinct populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a higher genetic variation (93%) within populations than between populations (7%), with low genetic differentiation (PhiPT = 0.07) and poor correlation between genetic and geographical distance (R = 0.02). This implies the presence of gene flow (Nm > 1) and weak geographical structure of accessions. Genetic diversity indices showed the presence of moderate genetic diversity in populations with an average genetic diversity value ( = 0.31) and polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.26). The findings of this study provide important and relevant information for future breeding and conservation efforts of .
埃塞俄比亚芥菜（A. Braun）是目前专门用于生产生物燃料和其他生物工业应用的潜在油籽之一。该作物被认为原产于埃塞俄比亚，在那里发现并保存了许多多样化的种质。然而，关于该物种的遗传多样性和种群结构的信息非常有限。本研究旨在利用高通量单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记来研究不同来源基因型的遗传多样性和种群结构。我们使用 Brassica 90K Illumina Infinium SNP 阵列对 90 个基因型进行基因分型，共使用了 11499 个信息性 SNP 标记来研究种群结构和遗传多样性。结构分析、主坐标分析（PcoA）和邻接树分析将 90 个基因型聚类为两个不同的亚群（Pop1 和 Pop2）。大多数（65%）的访问者都聚类在 Pop1 中，主要来自奥罗米亚和埃塞俄比亚西南部人民（SWEP）地区。Pop2 主要由育种群和品种组成，这表明目标选择有助于形成不同的群体。分子方差分析（AMOVA）显示，种群内的遗传变异（93%）高于种群间的遗传变异（7%），遗传分化（PhiPT = 0.07）低，遗传与地理距离之间的相关性差（R = 0.02）。这表明存在基因流（Nm>1）和访问者的地理结构较弱。遗传多样性指数显示，种群中存在中等遗传多样性，平均遗传多样性值（ = 0.31）和多态性信息含量（PIC = 0.26）。本研究的结果为未来的 育种和保护工作提供了重要和相关的信息。
