Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas. Av. Universidad s/n Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolas de los Garza, N.L. Mexico.
J Med Entomol. 2020 Jan 9;57(1):218-223. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz148.
Aedes aegypti (L.) is the primary vector of the viruses that cause dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, for which effective vaccines and drugs are still lacking. Current strategies for suppressing arbovirus outbreaks based on insecticide use pose a challenge because of the rapid increase in resistance. The widespread and excessive use of pyrethroid-based insecticides has created a large selection pressure for a kdr-type resistance, caused by mutations in the para gene of the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc). Our objective was to evaluate the allelic frequency of natural populations of Ae. aegypti of Mexico at codon 410 of the para gene. Twenty-six Ae. aegypti populations from east and southern Mexico were genotyped for the codon 410 using allele-specific PCR. The frequencies of the L410 allele in Ae. aegypti ranged from 0.10 to 0.99; however, most of the frequencies were in the range of 0.36 to 0.64. The highest frequencies were found in three populations from the state of Veracruz, namely, Minatitlan with 0.99, Poza Rica with 0.82, and Jose Cardel with 0.97, along with populations from Cancun in Quintana Roo with 0.93, Frontera in Tabasco with 0.91, and Ciudad del Carmen in Campeche with 0.86. The frequency of the L410 allele was high in all populations of Ae. aegypti with higher values in populations of the southeast of the country. The knowledge of specific substitutions in vgsc and their interaction to confer resistance is essential to predict and develop future strategies for resistance management in Ae. aegypti in Mexico.
埃及伊蚊（L.）是引起登革热、寨卡和基孔肯雅热的病毒的主要传播媒介，而这些病毒目前仍缺乏有效的疫苗和药物。目前基于杀虫剂使用的抑制虫媒病毒爆发的策略面临挑战，因为抗药性迅速增加。广泛和过度使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂对 kdr 型抗性产生了巨大的选择压力，这是由于电压门控钠离子通道（vgsc）的 para 基因发生突变所致。我们的目的是评估墨西哥埃及伊蚊自然种群在 para 基因 410 密码子处的等位基因频率。使用等位基因特异性 PCR 对来自墨西哥东部和南部的 26 个埃及伊蚊种群进行了 codon 410 的基因分型。埃及伊蚊 L410 等位基因的频率范围为 0.10 至 0.99；然而，大多数频率在 0.36 至 0.64 范围内。频率最高的是来自韦拉克鲁斯州的三个种群，即米纳蒂特兰（0.99）、波萨里卡（0.82）和何塞·卡德尔（0.97），以及金塔纳罗奥州的坎昆（0.93）、塔巴斯克州的弗龙特拉（0.91）和坎佩切州的卡门城（0.86）的种群。埃及伊蚊所有种群的 L410 等位基因频率都很高，东南部种群的频率更高。了解 vgsc 中的特定取代及其相互作用以赋予抗性对于预测和制定未来墨西哥埃及伊蚊抗性管理策略至关重要。
