重症监护病房患者谵妄的发病率、危险因素及累积风险：一项病例对照研究。
Incidence, risk factors, and cumulative risk of delirium among ICU patients: A case-control study.
作者信息
Pan Yanbin, Yan Jianlong, Jiang Zhixia, Luo Jianying, Zhang Jingjing, Yang Kaihan
机构信息
Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
出版信息
Int J Nurs Sci. 2019 Jun 2;6(3):247-251. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.05.008. eCollection 2019 Jul 10.
OBJECTIVES
Delirium is a common acute cognitive impairment syndrome among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. This study was aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and cumulative risk of delirium among ICU patients.
METHODS
A case-control study including clinical records of 452 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale.
RESULTS
We found that 163 out of the 452 patients (36.1%) had delirium. Multivariate analysis showed that use of sedatives, length of ICU hospitalization, and physical restraint were independent risk factors for delirium. The additive effect of all three factors resulted to an odds ratio of 30.950.
CONCLUSION
The incidence of delirium remained high. Thus, nurses shall strengthen the monitoring of delirium, regularly access the patient's level of calmness, and limit the use of physical restraint.
目的
谵妄是重症监护病房（ICU）患者中常见的急性认知障碍综合征。本研究旨在调查ICU患者谵妄的发生率、危险因素及累积风险。
方法
回顾性分析一项包含452例患者临床记录的病例对照研究。使用ICU意识模糊评估法和里士满躁动镇静量表评估谵妄。
结果
我们发现452例患者中有163例（36.1%）发生谵妄。多因素分析显示，使用镇静剂、ICU住院时间和身体约束是谵妄的独立危险因素。这三个因素的相加效应导致比值比为30.950。
结论
谵妄的发生率仍然很高。因此，护士应加强对谵妄的监测，定期评估患者的镇静水平，并限制身体约束的使用。
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