School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; email:
School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; email:
Annu Rev Psychol. 2020 Jan 4;71:471-497. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050944. Epub 2019 Sep 13.
This review delineates core components of the social media ecosystem, specifying how online platforms complicate established social psychological effects. We assess four pairs of social media elements and effects: profiles and self-presentation; networks and social mobilization; streams and social comparison; and messages and social connectedness. In the process, we describe features and affordances that comprise each element, underscoring the complexity of social media contexts as they shift to a central topic within psychology. Reflecting on this transitional state, we discuss how researchers will struggle to replicate the effects of dynamic social environments. Consequently, we outline the obstacles in isolating effects that reoccur across platforms, as well as the challenges and opportunities that come with measuring contexts across periods. By centering on the elements that define the online ecosystem, psychological research can establish a more durable foundation for replicating the effects of social media and chronicling the evolution of social interaction.
这篇综述勾勒出了社交媒体生态系统的核心组成部分，具体说明了在线平台如何使既定的社会心理效应变得复杂。我们评估了四对社交媒体元素及其效应：个人资料和自我呈现；网络和社会动员；信息流和社会比较；以及信息和社会联系。在这个过程中，我们描述了每个元素的特点和功能，强调了社交媒体环境的复杂性，因为它已成为心理学的一个核心话题。反思这种过渡状态，我们讨论了研究人员将如何努力复制动态社会环境的影响。因此，我们概述了在跨平台隔离重复出现的影响以及在跨时段衡量背景方面所面临的挑战和机遇方面的障碍。通过关注定义在线生态系统的元素，心理学研究可以为复制社交媒体的影响和记录社会互动的演变奠定更持久的基础。
