Physiotherapist advice to older inpatients about the importance of staying physically active during hospitalisation reduces sedentary time, increases daily steps and preserves mobility: a randomised trial.

QUESTIONS

Does advice from a physiotherapist about the importance of staying physically active during hospitalisation improve activity, mobility, strength, length of stay, and complications in older inpatients? What barriers to physical activity during hospitalisation do older inpatients perceive?

DESIGN

Randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation, intention-to-treat analysis, and blinded assessment.

PARTICIPANTS

Sixty-eight people who were aged > 60 years and admitted to a university hospital ward.

INTERVENTION

In addition to usual hospital care, the experimental group received a booklet with content about the deleterious effects of hospitalisation and the importance of staying active during hospitalisation. The control group received usual hospital care only.

OUTCOME MEASURES

The amount of physical activity was measured via accelerometry during the hospital admission. Mobility was assessed using the de Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI), and muscle strength was assessed using a handgrip dynamometer. Length of stay and complications were extracted from hospital records. The barriers to staying active during hospitalisation were investigated via a questionnaire.

RESULTS

Accelerometry showed a mean between-group difference of 974 steps/day (95% CI 28 to 1919) in favour of the experimental group. The intervention also increased moderate-intensity physical activity and reduced sedentary time, although these effects might be trivially small. Experimental group participants were about one-fifth as likely to lose mobility during their hospital admission (two of 33) than control group participants (10 of 35), relative risk 0.21 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.90). Effects of the intervention were unclear regarding muscle strength, length of stay and incidence of complications between the groups. Patients reported that the main barriers to remaining active during hospitalisation were dyspnoea, lack of space, and fear of contracting infection.

CONCLUSION

In older inpatients, the addition of advice from a physiotherapist about maintaining activity during hospitalisation increases the level of physical activity and prevents loss of mobility.

REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrials.govNCT03297567.