Oxford Brookes University, UK.
Universidad de Oviedo, Spain.
J Learn Disabil. 2020 Mar/Apr;53(2):109-119. doi: 10.1177/0022219419876255. Epub 2019 Sep 17.
This study investigated which components of the writing production process are impaired in Spanish children with developmental dyslexia (DD) aged 8 to 12 years. Children with and without dyslexia ( = 60) were assessed in their use of the lexical and the sublexical routes of spelling as well as the orthographic working memory system by manipulating lexical frequency, phonology-to-orthography (P-O) consistency, and word length in a copying task and a spelling-to-dictation task. Results revealed that children with dyslexia produced longer written latencies than chronological age-matched (CA) controls, more errors than CA and reading age-matched (RA) controls, and writing durations similar to CA controls. Latencies were more affected by frequency, consistency, and length in the DD group and the RA group than in CA controls. Children in the DD and RA groups produced longer written latencies in the copying than in the spelling-to-dictation task, while controls in the CA group were not affected by the task. Results indicate that spelling impairments in Spanish children with dyslexia affect the relative involvement of lexical and sublexical information during handwriting. Meanwhile, effects on writing speed seem to be related to deficits in reading ability, and accuracy scores seem to be poorer than expected by children's reading skill.
本研究旨在探究 8 至 12 岁西班牙语发展性阅读障碍（DD）儿童在写作过程中的哪些环节受损。通过在抄写任务和拼写听写任务中操纵词汇频率、语音到拼写一致性和单词长度，对有和没有阅读障碍的儿童（=60 名）进行评估，以评估其词汇和次词汇拼写途径以及正字法工作记忆系统的使用情况。结果表明，与年龄匹配的对照组（CA）相比，阅读障碍儿童的书写潜伏期更长，错误更多，与 CA 和阅读年龄匹配的对照组（RA）相比，书写时间更相似。在 DD 组和 RA 组中，潜伏期受频率、一致性和长度的影响大于 CA 对照组。DD 组和 RA 组的儿童在抄写任务中的书写潜伏期比拼写听写任务长，而 CA 组的对照组不受任务的影响。结果表明，西班牙语阅读障碍儿童的拼写障碍会影响手写过程中词汇和次词汇信息的相对参与度。同时，对书写速度的影响似乎与阅读能力缺陷有关，而准确性得分似乎比儿童的阅读技能预期的要差。
