Mental Health Service.
Department of Psychiatry.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2019 Dec;33(8):730-736. doi: 10.1037/adb0000514. Epub 2019 Sep 19.
Use of electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, has increased exponentially in recent years. Mechanisms that might underlie this increase include expectancies and reasons for e-cigarette use. This study was designed to identify and evaluate changes in expectancies and reasons for e-cigarette use among young adults over time and to determine whether such changes were associated with changes in e-cigarette use. Data for these analyses were collected from a sample of 137 young adult e-cigarette users who completed electronic surveys 5 times over a 12-month period. Results yielded five e-cigarette use expectancy and reason factors: Affect-Related Reasons, Social Reasons, Positive Social Expectancies, Positive Internal Expectancies, and Negative Expectancies. Linear mixed models showed that Negative Expectancies significantly increased over time ( = .004), whereas Affect-Related Reasons significantly decreased over time ( = .001). Additional linear mixed models indicated that, whereas both frequency and quantity of e-cigarette use decreased over time, changes in Positive Internal Expectancies were positively associated with changes in frequency of e-cigarette use ( = .032) and changes in Positive Social Expectancies were positively associated with changes in both frequency ( = .007) and quantity ( = .026) of e-cigarette use. These findings suggest that young adults' expectancies and reasons for using e-cigarettes fluctuate over time, and changes in expectancies seem to be longitudinally associated with changes in e-cigarette use. Positive expectancies for e-cigarette use represent targets for clinical, prevention, and intervention efforts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
近年来，电子烟的使用呈指数级增长。可能导致这种增长的机制包括对电子烟的期望和使用原因。本研究旨在确定和评估年轻人对电子烟的期望和使用原因随时间的变化，并确定这些变化是否与电子烟使用的变化有关。这些分析的数据来自于 137 名年轻电子烟使用者的样本，他们在 12 个月的时间里完成了 5 次电子调查。结果产生了五个电子烟使用期望和原因因素：与情感相关的原因、社交原因、积极的社交期望、积极的内在期望和消极期望。线性混合模型显示，消极期望随时间显著增加（=0.004），而与情感相关的原因随时间显著减少（=0.001）。进一步的线性混合模型表明，尽管电子烟的使用频率和数量随时间减少，但积极内在期望的变化与电子烟使用频率的变化呈正相关（=0.032），而积极社交期望的变化与电子烟使用频率（=0.007）和数量（=0.026）的变化呈正相关。这些发现表明，年轻人对电子烟的期望和使用原因随时间波动，期望的变化似乎与电子烟使用的变化存在纵向关联。对电子烟使用的积极期望是临床、预防和干预工作的目标。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
