Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
Cells. 2019 Sep 15;8(9):1088. doi: 10.3390/cells8091088.
In cells the interorganelle communication comprises vesicular and non-vesicular mechanisms. Non-vesicular material transfer predominantly takes place at regions of close organelle apposition termed membrane contact sites and is facilitated by a growing number of specialized proteins. Contacts of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are now recognized to be essential for diverse biological processes such as calcium homeostasis, phospholipid biosynthesis, apoptosis, and autophagy. In addition to these universal roles, ER-mitochondria communication serves also cell type-specific functions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on ER-mitochondria contacts in cells of the innate immune system, especially in macrophages. We discuss ER- mitochondria communication in the context of macrophage fatty acid metabolism linked to inflammatory and ER stress responses, its roles in apoptotic cell engulfment, activation of the inflammasome, and antiviral defense.
在细胞中，细胞器间的通讯包括囊泡和非囊泡机制。非囊泡物质的转移主要发生在紧密相邻的细胞器区域，这些区域被称为膜接触位点，并且由越来越多的专门蛋白质来促进。内质网 (ER) 和线粒体的接触现在被认为对多种生物过程是必不可少的，如钙稳态、磷脂生物合成、细胞凋亡和自噬。除了这些普遍作用外，ER-线粒体通讯还具有细胞类型特异性的功能。在这篇综述中，我们总结了先天免疫系统细胞，特别是巨噬细胞中 ER-线粒体接触的最新知识。我们讨论了与炎症和 ER 应激反应相关的巨噬细胞脂肪酸代谢、凋亡细胞吞噬、炎性小体激活和抗病毒防御中的 ER-线粒体通讯。
