Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2019 Sep 23;14(9):e0222393. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222393. eCollection 2019.
Oxalate, a ubiquitous compound in many plant-based foods, is absorbed through the intestine and precipitates with calcium in the kidneys to form stones. Over 80% of diagnosed kidney stones are found to be calcium oxalate. People who form these stones often experience a high rate of recurrence and treatment options remain limited despite decades of dedicated research. Recently, the intestinal microbiome has become a new focus for novel therapies. Studies have shown that select species of Lactobacillus, the most commonly included genus in modern probiotic supplements, can degrade oxalate in vitro and even decrease urinary oxalate in animal models of Primary Hyperoxaluria. Although the purported health benefits of Lactobacillus probiotics vary significantly between species, there is supporting evidence for their potential use as probiotics for oxalate diseases. Defining the unique metabolic properties of Lactobacillus is essential to define how these bacteria interact with the host intestine and influence overall health. We addressed this need by characterizing and comparing the metabolome and lipidome of the oxalate-degrading Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus gasseri using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. We report many species-specific differences in the metabolic profiles of these Lactobacillus species and discuss potential probiotic relevance and function resulting from their differential expression. Also described is our validation of the oxalate-degrading ability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus gasseri, even in the presence of other preferred carbon sources, measuring in vitro 14C-oxalate consumption via liquid scintillation counting.
草酸盐是许多植物性食物中普遍存在的化合物，它通过肠道吸收，并与肾脏中的钙结合形成结石。超过 80%的诊断为肾结石的患者被发现是草酸钙结石。形成这些结石的人经常经历高复发率，尽管经过几十年的专门研究，治疗选择仍然有限。最近，肠道微生物组已成为新的治疗焦点。研究表明，某些乳杆菌属的物种，即现代益生菌补充剂中最常包含的属，能够在体外降解草酸盐，甚至在原发性高草酸尿症的动物模型中降低尿草酸盐。尽管乳杆菌益生菌的所谓健康益处在不同物种之间差异很大，但有证据支持将其作为草酸盐疾病的益生菌使用。定义乳杆菌的独特代谢特性对于确定这些细菌与宿主肠道的相互作用以及影响整体健康至关重要。我们通过使用超高效液相色谱-高分辨率质谱对草酸降解乳杆菌嗜酸乳杆菌和乳杆菌发酵乳杆菌的代谢组和脂质组进行表征和比较，解决了这一需求。我们报告了这些乳杆菌物种代谢谱的许多种特异性差异，并讨论了由于它们的差异表达而产生的潜在益生菌相关性和功能。还描述了我们对嗜酸乳杆菌和乳杆菌发酵乳杆菌降解草酸盐能力的验证，即使在存在其他首选碳源的情况下，通过液体闪烁计数测量体外 14C-草酸盐消耗。
