Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium; Psychiatric Center, Dr. D.R. Capriles Hospital, GGz Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao.
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Psychiatry Res. 2019 Nov;281:112558. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112558. Epub 2019 Sep 7.
This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with severe mental illness (SMI) on a Caribbean island, Curaçao, using the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Among 350 patients (240 men and 110 women) with a mean age of 51.9 years (S.D.=13.5) MetS prevalence was 37.4%, significantly higher in female patients (63.6%) compared to male patients (25.4%). Increased waist circumference was present in 51.1%, low HDL in 50.6%, hypertension in 49.4%, hyperglycemia in 28.6% and 25.7% had hypertriglyceridemia. Except for hypertriglyceridemia, all criteria were more prevalent in female patients. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that female gender, outpatient treatment setting and the absence of substance use disorder were all significant predictors for MetS. Compared to data from the general population obtained by the 2013 National Health Survey Curaçao, this study showed significantly higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in patients with SMI. Moreover, female patients had the highest prevalence of diabetes (28.2%), obesity (50.0%) and increased waist circumference (88.2%). This study demonstrates that African-Caribbean patients with SMI are at high-risk for MetS, especially female patients. Our data suggest to focus on modifiable lifestyle risk factors, as promoting physical activity and healthy dietary habits.
本横断面研究旨在使用改良的国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗专家组 III 标准，确定加勒比海岛库拉索患有严重精神疾病（SMI）的患者中代谢综合征（MetS）的患病率。在 350 名患者中（240 名男性和 110 名女性），平均年龄为 51.9 岁（标准差=13.5），MetS 患病率为 37.4%，女性患者（63.6%）明显高于男性患者（25.4%）。51.1%的患者腰围增加，50.6%的患者高密度脂蛋白降低，49.4%的患者高血压，28.6%的患者高血糖，25.7%的患者高甘油三酯血症。除高甘油三酯血症外，所有标准在女性患者中更为普遍。二元逻辑回归分析表明，女性、门诊治疗环境和无物质使用障碍均是 MetS 的显著预测因素。与 2013 年库拉索全国健康调查获得的一般人群数据相比，本研究显示 SMI 患者的糖尿病和高血压患病率显著更高。此外，女性患者的糖尿病（28.2%）、肥胖（50.0%）和腰围增加（88.2%）患病率最高。本研究表明，患有 SMI 的非洲裔加勒比患者发生 MetS 的风险很高，尤其是女性患者。我们的数据表明，需要关注可改变的生活方式危险因素，如促进身体活动和健康的饮食习惯。
