Haque Mainul, Rahman Nor Azlina A, McKimm Judy, Sartelli Massimo, Kibria Golam Mohammad, Islam Md Zakirul, Binti Lutfi Siti Nur Najihah, Binti Othman Nur Syamirah Aishah, Binti Abdullah Shahidah Leong
Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
Department of Basic Health, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2019 Sep 19;8(3):154. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics8030154.
: Antimicrobial prescribing behaviors are often influenced by the local culture and prescribing appropriateness of medical doctors and other health care professionals. Globally, antimicrobial utilization practices have a profound impact on antimicrobial resistance and are a tremendous public health concern. The aim of this survey was to explore the knowledge and attitudes of medical students from the National Defence University of Malaysia regarding antimicrobial usage and antimicrobial resistance. : This was a cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of undergraduate medical students in each year group from the National Defence University of Malaysia. Students receive limited formal training on the use of antibiotics in their curriculum, and most of this learning is opportunistic whilst on clinical placement. Universal sampling was used as the study population was small. Data were collected utilizing a previously validated instrument regarding antibiotic use. Simple descriptive statistics were used to generate frequencies and percentages with SPSS V21. This research was approved by the Centre for Research and Innovation Management, National Defence University of Malaysia. : 206 questionnaires were distributed with a response rate of 99.03%, 54% (110) male, and 46% (94) female. Out of the respondents, 65% (132) had used antibiotics in the last year. Respondents displayed a moderate level of knowledge about antibiotics. : This study revealed that the older the student was, or when the year of study and total knowledge score was higher, the students were less likely to stop antimicrobials when they felt better or use leftover antibiotics without consulting a doctor. Therefore, the nearer the students were to graduation, the better their knowledge and skills were, and this translated into their own behaviors regarding use of antimicrobials. This finding has clear implications for curriculum design and the inclusion of formal teaching throughout the medical program on antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, more research is needed on this topic, including the prescribing habits and antibiotic use of practicing doctors.
抗菌药物的处方行为往往受到当地文化以及医生和其他医疗保健专业人员处方合理性的影响。在全球范围内，抗菌药物的使用习惯对抗菌药物耐药性有着深远影响，是一个重大的公共卫生问题。本次调查的目的是探讨马来西亚国防大学医学生对抗菌药物使用和抗菌药物耐药性的知识与态度。
这是一项横断面研究。研究对象包括马来西亚国防大学各年级的本科医学生。学生在课程中接受的抗生素使用方面的正规培训有限，且大多是在临床实习时的机会性学习。由于研究对象规模较小，采用了普查抽样。利用一份先前经过验证的关于抗生素使用的问卷收集数据。使用SPSS V21进行简单描述性统计以生成频率和百分比。本研究获得了马来西亚国防大学研究与创新管理中心的批准。
共发放206份问卷，回复率为99.03%，其中男性占54%（110人），女性占46%（94人）。在受访者中，65%（132人）在过去一年中使用过抗生素。受访者对抗生素的了解程度处于中等水平。
本研究表明，学生年龄越大，或者学习年份和总知识得分越高，当感觉好转时就越不太可能停用抗菌药物，也不太可能在未咨询医生的情况下使用剩余抗生素。因此，学生离毕业越近，他们的知识和技能就越好，这也体现在他们自身使用抗菌药物的行为上。这一发现对课程设计以及在整个医学课程中纳入关于抗菌药物使用和抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的正规教学具有明确的启示意义。然而，关于这个主题还需要更多的研究，包括执业医生的处方习惯和抗生素使用情况。
