Grover Sandeep, Aneja Jitender, Hazari Nandita, Chakrabarti Subho, Avasthi Ajit
Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Psychol Med. 2019 Sep 5;41(5):455-461. doi: 10.4103/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_24_19. eCollection 2019 Sep-Oct.
Stigma associated with mental illness is multifaceted, and it extends to even those who take care of the afflicted persons. Research shows that stigma has maximal impact on patients who have schizophrenia and their caregivers, but information pertaining to caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder is minimal. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate stigma and its correlates among caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder.
This cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital purposively enrolled 103 caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder-I. The caregivers were assessed on the stigma scale for caregivers of people with mental illness (CPMI) and the Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) stigma scale.
The majority of caregivers attributed the illness of the patient to stress (54.4%), chemical imbalance (48.5%), or heredity (29.1%), while nearly one-fourth believed it to be the will of God. The mean weighted scores on various domains of CPMI were comparable [affective domain = 2.24 (standard deviation (SD) = 0.51); cognitive domain = 2.25 (SD = 0.54) and behavioral domain = 2.23 (SD = 0.55)]. The mean score on EMIC was 28.00 (SD = 14.57). Caregivers with low income reported higher stigma in affective and cognitive domains. Also, lesser time spent with the patient correlated with higher stigma in the affective domain. Furthermore, poor functioning of the patient was associated with high caregiver stigma in cognitive and behavioral domains.
Caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder experience significant affiliate and courtesy stigma, and higher stigma is associated with lower income of the caregivers and lesser time spent in caregiving.
与精神疾病相关的污名是多方面的，甚至延伸到照顾患者的人。研究表明，污名对精神分裂症患者及其照顾者影响最大，但关于双相情感障碍患者照顾者的信息却很少。因此，本研究旨在评估双相情感障碍患者照顾者中的污名及其相关因素。
本横断面研究在一家三级护理医院进行， purposively 招募了103名双相情感障碍-I型患者的照顾者。使用精神疾病患者照顾者污名量表（CPMI）和解释模型访谈目录（EMIC）污名量表对照顾者进行评估。
大多数照顾者将患者的疾病归因于压力（54.4%）、化学失衡（48.5%）或遗传（29.1%），而近四分之一的人认为这是上帝的旨意。CPMI各个领域的平均加权得分相当[情感领域=2.24（标准差（SD）=0.51）；认知领域=2.25（SD=0.54），行为领域=2.23（SD=0.55）]。EMIC的平均得分是28.00（SD=14.57）。低收入照顾者在情感和认知领域报告的污名较高。此外，与患者相处时间较少与情感领域较高的污名相关。此外，患者功能较差与照顾者在认知和行为领域的高污名相关。
双相情感障碍患者的照顾者经历了显著的关联污名和礼貌污名，较高的污名与照顾者的低收入以及较少的照顾时间相关。
