Yuzbashian Emad, Asghari Golaleh, Aghayan Maryam, Hedayati Mehdi, Zarkesh Maryam, Mirmiran Parvin, Khalaj Alireza
1Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 19816-19573, Tehran, Iran.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2019 Sep 18;16:68. doi: 10.1186/s12986-019-0389-9. eCollection 2019.
Apelin, as an adipokine, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to determine whether the quality and quantity of dietary carbohydrates were associated with apelin gene expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues.
In this cross-sectional study, 102 adults who underwent minor abdominal surgery were selected. Approximately 100 mg of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were collected during the surgery to measure apelin gene expression. Anthropometric measurment, blood samples, and dietary intakes were collected before surgery. The dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) were determined.
The average apelin concentration was 269.6 ± 98.5(pg/mL), and 16.3% of participants were insulin resistant. There was a correlation between insulin (-value = 0.043), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)(-value = 0.045) and apelin gene expression in visceral adipose tissue. There was a positive association of apelin gene expression with dietary GI and GL after adjustment for age, sex, and waist circumference in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues( < 0.05). Apelin gene expression in visceral( = 0.002) and subcutaneous( = 0.003) adipose tissues was directly associated with foods with a higher GI. There was no association between total carbohydrate intake and apelin gene expression in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues.
Dietary GI and GL, not total carbohydrate intake, were positively associated with apelin gene expression in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues. Future studies are warranted to illustrate the chronic and acute effect of carbohydrate quality on apelin homeostasis.
Apelin作为一种脂肪因子，在胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的发病机制中起重要作用。本研究旨在确定膳食碳水化合物的质量和数量是否与皮下和内脏脂肪组织中Apelin基因表达相关。
在这项横断面研究中，选取了102名接受腹部小手术的成年人。手术期间收集约100mg皮下和内脏脂肪组织以测量Apelin基因表达。术前收集人体测量数据、血液样本和饮食摄入量。测定膳食碳水化合物摄入量、血糖指数（GI）和血糖负荷（GL）。
Apelin平均浓度为269.6±98.5（pg/mL），16.3%的参与者存在胰岛素抵抗。胰岛素（P值=0.043）、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）（P值=0.045）与内脏脂肪组织中Apelin基因表达之间存在相关性。在内脏和皮下脂肪组织中，调整年龄、性别和腰围后，Apelin基因表达与膳食GI和GL呈正相关（P<0.05）。内脏（P=0.002）和皮下（P=0.003）脂肪组织中Apelin基因表达与较高GI的食物直接相关。内脏和皮下脂肪组织中总碳水化合物摄入量与Apelin基因表达之间均无关联。
膳食GI和GL而非总碳水化合物摄入量与内脏和皮下脂肪组织中Apelin基因表达呈正相关。未来有必要开展研究以阐明碳水化合物质量对Apelin稳态的慢性和急性影响。
