a Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
b Student Research Committee, Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Mar 4;58(4):680-688. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1262325. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
Overproduction of apelin in obesity could be one of the last protective defenses before type 2 diabetes develops. To summarize the existing evidence on the association between dietary intake and apelin gene expression and concentration. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and google scholar and hand-searched bibliographies, including peer-reviewed articles with English abstracts, without restriction in publication date, updated until 21 February 2016 that reported the association between dietary intake and apelin gene expression or concentration. From a total of 1075 articles, we identified 12 relevant studies. There were 6 clinical trials in human and 6 studies in animals. Overall, two of three studies conducted in humans showed that calorie-restriction diet in obese subjects decreases apelin concentration. Five animal studies reported that higher intake of fatty acids and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) increased apelin expression and concentration. Given the paucity of data available, the heterogeneity of study designs used, and exposures tested, no quantitative meta-analysis was justified. Based on human studies, hypocaloric diet can reduce apelin concentration in obese individuals. In addition, higher intakes of total fatty acids and EPA may increase apelin gene expression and concentration.
肥胖症中apelin 的过度产生可能是 2 型糖尿病发展前的最后一道保护防线。总结关于饮食摄入与 apelin 基因表达和浓度之间关联的现有证据。我们系统地检索了 MEDLINE、EMBASE 和谷歌学术，并手工检索了参考文献，包括有英文摘要的同行评议文章，没有发表日期的限制，更新至 2016 年 2 月 21 日，报道了饮食摄入与 apelin 基因表达或浓度之间的关联。在总共 1075 篇文章中，我们确定了 12 项相关研究。其中 6 项是人体临床试验，6 项是动物研究。总的来说，在肥胖人群中进行的三项研究中有两项表明，热量限制饮食可降低 apelin 浓度。五项动物研究报告称，摄入更多的脂肪酸和二十碳五烯酸 (EPA) 可增加 apelin 的表达和浓度。鉴于可用数据的匮乏、所使用的研究设计的异质性以及所测试的暴露因素，没有进行定量荟萃分析是合理的。基于人体研究，低热量饮食可降低肥胖个体的 apelin 浓度。此外，总脂肪酸和 EPA 的摄入量增加可能会增加 apelin 基因的表达和浓度。
