Perea Manuel, Marcet Ana, Vergara-Martínez Marta, Gomez Pablo
Departamento de Metodología, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.
Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, Spain.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2020 Mar;73(3):375-383. doi: 10.1177/1747021819878385. Epub 2019 Sep 25.
Recent modelling accounts of the lexical decision task have suggested that the reading system performs evidence accumulation to carry out some functions. Evidence accumulation models have been very successful in accounting for effects in the lexical decision task, including the dissociation of repetition effects for words and nonwords (facilitative for words but inhibitory for nonwords). The familiarity of a repeated item triggers its recognition, which facilitates 'word' responses but hampers nonword rejection. However, reports of facilitative repetition effects for nonwords with several repetitions in short blocks challenge this hypothesis and favour models based on episodic retrieval. To shed light on the nature of the repetition effects for nonwords in lexical decision, we conducted four experiments to examine the impact of extra-lexical source of information-we induced the use of episodic retrieval traces via instructions and list composition. When the initial block was long, the repetition effect for nonwords was inhibitory, regardless of the instructions and list composition. However, the inhibitory effect was dramatically reduced when the initial block included two presentations of the stimuli and it was even facilitatory when the initial block was short. This composite pattern suggests that evidence accumulation models of lexical decision should take into account all sources of evidence-including episodic retrieval-during the process of lexical decision.
最近关于词汇判断任务的建模研究表明，阅读系统通过执行证据积累来实现某些功能。证据积累模型在解释词汇判断任务中的效应方面非常成功，包括单词和非单词重复效应的分离（对单词有促进作用，但对非单词有抑制作用）。重复项目的熟悉度会触发其识别，这有利于“单词”反应，但会阻碍非单词的排除。然而，关于在短块中多次重复的非单词存在促进性重复效应的报告对这一假设提出了挑战，并支持基于情景检索的模型。为了阐明词汇判断中非单词重复效应的本质，我们进行了四项实验，以检验词汇外信息源的影响——我们通过指令和列表组成诱导情景检索痕迹的使用。当初始块较长时，无论指令和列表组成如何，非单词的重复效应都是抑制性的。然而，当初始块包含两次刺激呈现时，抑制效应会显著降低，当初始块较短时，甚至会出现促进作用。这种综合模式表明，词汇判断的证据积累模型在词汇判断过程中应考虑所有证据来源，包括情景检索。
