The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2020 May;71(3):378-387. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1663797. Epub 2019 Sep 26.
To assess adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedD) by vegetarians and vegans compared to omnivores, we recruited an internet-based convenience sample of 565, 151 and 514 Israeli (>20 years) vegans, vegetarians and omnivores. Studies assessing vegetarians' and vegans' adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedD) are scarce. We recruited an internet-based convenience sample of 565, 151 and 514 Israeli vegans, vegetarians and omnivores, mostly female with a normal weight. We assessed their MedD scores (MedDS) and their food groups' consumption by two food frequency questionnaires: (1) Trichopoulou's MedDS (range 0-9); (2) Literature-based MedDS (LBMedDS) (range 0-18). We found that vegans tend to consume significantly more legumes, nuts, fruits and vegetables than omnivores. The multivariable-adjusted odds for high MedDS a score ≥4) (compared to omnivores) assessed by Trichopoulou's score were: 32.35-fold higher in vegans (95% CI, 21.43-48.84) and 3.13-fold higher in vegetarians (95% CI, 2.06-4.76). Using the LBMedDS, vegans had 2.30-fold higher odds for high MedD adherence (a score ≥12) and vegetarians 1.66-fold higher odds compared to omnivores. In conclusion, we found a higher MedD adherence among vegans and vegetarians compared to omnivores.
为了评估素食者和严格素食者与杂食者相比对地中海饮食（MedD）的依从性，我们招募了一个基于互联网的便利样本，其中包括 565 名、151 名和 514 名以色列（>20 岁）的严格素食者、素食者和杂食者。评估素食者和严格素食者对地中海饮食（MedD）依从性的研究很少。我们招募了一个基于互联网的便利样本，其中包括 565 名、151 名和 514 名以色列的严格素食者、素食者和杂食者，他们大多是女性，体重正常。我们通过两份食物频率问卷评估了他们的 MedD 分数（MedDS）和食物组的摄入量：（1） Trichopoulou 的 MedDS（范围 0-9）；（2）基于文献的 MedDS（LBMedDS）（范围 0-18）。我们发现，与杂食者相比，严格素食者和素食者更倾向于食用更多的豆类、坚果、水果和蔬菜。使用 Trichopoulou 评分评估的高 MedDS 得分（≥4）（与杂食者相比）的多变量调整比值比（OR）为：严格素食者为 32.35 倍（95%CI，21.43-48.84），素食者为 3.13 倍（95%CI，2.06-4.76）。使用 LBMedDS，严格素食者和素食者具有更高的 MedD 依从性（得分≥12）的可能性，分别是杂食者的 2.30 倍和 1.66 倍。总之，我们发现素食者和严格素食者比杂食者更遵循 MedD。
