School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China; Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2019 Dec 1;145:111699. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111699. Epub 2019 Sep 19.
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as an emerging class of porous crystalline polymers, are built by the combination of the light elements through the strong covalent bonds. In the past decade, COFs have been reported to show plenty of unique properties (such as ordered channels, large specific surface area, highly tunable porosity, optional building blocks, predictable and stable structure, and abundant functional groups), and have been widely applied in multiple fields. Recently, to further improve the potential performances of COFs and extend their applicability, a number of COFs with various functionalities have been successfully developed through the functionalization modification. In this review, we summarized the advanced design and construction of functionalized COFs, including COFs with post-synthetic modification, COFs-based composites (e.g. COFs-metal nanoparticles composites, COFs-metal oxide nanoparticles composites, COFs-MOFs composites, and COFs-enzyme composites), and molecularly imprinted COFs. Impressively, the applications of functionalized COFs to sensing also have been comprehensively summarized, including colorimetric sensing, fluorescent sensing, electrochemical sensing, and other sensing (such as quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensing, photoelectrochemical sensing, and humidity sensing). In the end, future opportunities and challenges in this promising field are tentatively proposed.
共价有机框架（COFs）作为一类新兴的多孔晶体聚合物，是通过轻元素之间的强共价键结合而成。在过去的十年中，COFs 已经被报道具有许多独特的性质（如有序的通道、大的比表面积、高度可调的孔隙率、可选的构筑单元、可预测和稳定的结构以及丰富的官能团），并已广泛应用于多个领域。最近，为了进一步提高 COFs 的潜在性能并扩展其适用性，通过功能化修饰，已经成功开发了许多具有各种功能的 COFs。在本文综述中，我们总结了功能化 COFs 的先进设计和构建，包括后合成修饰的 COFs、COFs 基复合材料（如 COFs-金属纳米粒子复合材料、COFs-金属氧化物纳米粒子复合材料、COFs-MOFs 复合材料和 COFs-酶复合材料）和分子印迹 COFs。引人注目的是，功能化 COFs 在传感方面的应用也得到了全面总结，包括比色传感、荧光传感、电化学传感和其他传感（如石英晶体微天平（QCM）传感、光电化学传感和湿度传感）。最后，本文还对这一极有前途的领域的未来机遇和挑战进行了初步探讨。
