APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland; email:
Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland.
Annu Rev Psychol. 2020 Jan 4;71:49-78. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011613. Epub 2019 Sep 30.
Depression remains one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, with many patients not responding adequately to available treatments. Chronic or early-life stress is one of the key risk factors for depression. In addition, a growing body of data implicates chronic inflammation as a major player in depression pathogenesis. More recently, the gut microbiota has emerged as an important regulator of brain and behavior and also has been linked to depression. However, how this holy trinity of risk factors interact to maintain physiological homeostasis in the brain and body is not fully understood. In this review, we integrate the available data from animal and human studies on these three factors in the etiology and progression of depression. We also focus on the processes by which this microbiota-immune-stress matrix may influence centrally mediated events and on possible therapeutic interventions to correct imbalances in this triune.
抑郁症仍然是最常见的精神障碍之一，许多患者对现有治疗方法的反应不够充分。慢性或生命早期的压力是抑郁症的关键风险因素之一。此外，越来越多的数据表明，慢性炎症是抑郁症发病机制的主要参与者。最近，肠道微生物群已成为大脑和行为的重要调节剂，也与抑郁症有关。然而，这三个风险因素如何相互作用以维持大脑和身体的生理平衡还不完全清楚。在这篇综述中，我们整合了来自动物和人类研究的关于这三个因素在抑郁症的病因和进展中的现有数据。我们还重点关注了这种微生物群-免疫-应激矩阵可能影响中枢介导事件的过程，以及纠正这种三联体失衡的可能治疗干预措施。
