Liu Huan, Wang Hongwei, Shao Bing, Lu Han, Zhang Song, Ou Lan, Chen Yu, Xiang Liangbi
Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou.
Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Sep;98(38):e17123. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017123.
To investigate the age, gender, time, and etiology differences of traumatic lower limb fractures (TLLFs) in a population of children (≤18 years old), we retrospectively reviewed 936 children who had TLLFs and who came to our university-affiliated hospitals from 2001 to 2010. This study enrolled 657 males (70.2%) and 279 females (29.8%) aged (11.6 ± 4.9) years old. The most common etiologies and fracture sites were motor vehicle collisions (MVCs, 440, 47.0%) and tibias (376, 40.2%). A total of 126 (13.5%) patients suffered neurological deficits (NDs), 127 (13.6%) patients sustained associated injuries (ASOIs), and 78 (8.3%) patients sustained complications. During all periods the occurrence increased with increasing age group and a male preponderance was observed in all age groups. With increasing age, the proportion of injuries due to different etiologies increased and the proportion of femur fracture decreased from 65.2% to 34.5%. With increasing year of admission, the proportion of injuries due to MVCs decreased. The most common fracture sites were tibias in MVCs, femurs in low fall, high fall, and struck by object, feet in sprain. Male patients presented with significantly higher proportions of injuries due to struck by object and sprain, significantly lower proportions of pelvis fracture than the female patients. MVCs and tibias were the most common etiologies and fracture sites. Prevention and treatment should be taken according to the pattern of TLLFs which have specific annual, gender, and age characteristics.
为了调查儿童（≤18岁）创伤性下肢骨折（TLLF）的年龄、性别、时间和病因差异，我们回顾性分析了2001年至2010年期间在我校附属医院就诊的936例TLLF患儿。本研究纳入了657例男性（70.2%）和279例女性（29.8%），年龄为（11.6±4.9）岁。最常见的病因和骨折部位是机动车碰撞（MVC，440例，47.0%）和胫骨（376例，40.2%）。共有126例（13.5%）患者出现神经功能缺损（ND），127例（13.6%）患者伴有其他损伤（ASOI），78例（8.3%）患者出现并发症。在所有时间段内，发病率随年龄组增加而升高，且各年龄组均观察到男性占优势。随着年龄的增长，不同病因导致的损伤比例增加，股骨骨折比例从65.2%降至34.5%。随着入院年份的增加，MVC导致的损伤比例下降。MVC中最常见的骨折部位是胫骨，低跌倒、高跌倒和物体撞击导致的骨折部位是股骨，扭伤导致的骨折部位是足部。男性患者因物体撞击和扭伤导致的损伤比例显著高于女性患者，骨盆骨折比例显著低于女性患者。MVC和胫骨是最常见的病因和骨折部位。应根据具有特定年度、性别和年龄特征的TLLF模式进行预防和治疗。
