Ligowska-Marzęta Małgorzata, Hancock Viktoria, Ingmer Hanne, M Aarestrup Frank
Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2019 Sep 27;8(4):167. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics8040167.
Biocides are chemical compounds widely used for sterilization and disinfection. The aim of this study was to examine whether exposure to subinhibitory biocide concentrations influenced transcriptional expression of genes that could improve a pathogen's drug resistance or fitness. We used DNA microarrays to investigate the transcriptome of the uropathogenic strain CFT073 in response to prolonged exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of four biocides: benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide and triclosan. Transcription of a gene involved in polymyxin resistance, , was increased after treatment with benzalkonium chloride. However, pretreatment of the bacteria with this biocide did not result in cross-resistance to polymyxin in vitro. Genes encoding products related to transport formed the functional group that was most affected by biocides, as 110 out of 884 genes in this category displayed altered transcription. Transcripts of genes involved in cysteine uptake, sulfate assimilation, dipeptide transport, as well as cryptic phage genes were also more abundant in response to several biocides. Additionally, we identified groups of genes with transcription changes unique to single biocides that might include potential targets for the biocides. The biocides did not increase the resistance potential of the pathogen to other antimicrobials.
杀生剂是广泛用于灭菌和消毒的化合物。本研究的目的是检测暴露于亚抑制浓度的杀生剂是否会影响那些能够提高病原体耐药性或适应性的基因的转录表达。我们使用DNA微阵列来研究尿路致病性菌株CFT073在长时间暴露于四种杀生剂（苯扎氯铵、洗必泰、过氧化氢和三氯生）的亚抑制浓度后的转录组。在用苯扎氯铵处理后，与多粘菌素耐药性相关的一个基因的转录增加。然而，用这种杀生剂对细菌进行预处理在体外并未导致对多粘菌素的交叉耐药性。编码与转运相关产物的基因形成了受杀生剂影响最大的功能组，因为该类别中的884个基因中有110个显示转录改变。参与半胱氨酸摄取、硫酸盐同化、二肽转运的基因转录本以及隐性噬菌体基因在几种杀生剂作用下也更为丰富。此外，我们鉴定出了对单一杀生剂有独特转录变化的基因组，这些基因组可能包括该杀生剂的潜在靶点。杀生剂并未增加病原体对其他抗菌药物的耐药潜力。
